Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ( IF 6.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-23 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112061 Dicheng Ma , Song Yang , Jiangong Jiang , Jiamei Zhu , Beixing Li , Wei Mu , Daolong Dou , Feng Liu
Maize seed treatment with chemicals to control underground pests is a common agricultural practice, but inappropriate use of insecticides poses a considerable threat to plant development and soil nontarget organisms. In this study, the availability of tetraniliprole seed dressing to control the black cutworm Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the maize seeding stage and its safety to earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were investigated. The selective toxicity (ST) of tetraniliprole between E. fetida and A. ipsilon was greater than 4000. No significant adverse effect of tetraniliprole seed treatment on the germination of maize seeds was observed at concentrations of 2.4–9.6 g a.i. /kg seed. Compared with the untreated control, seed treatment with tetraniliprole at 9.6 g a.i. /kg seed greatly reduced the percentage of damaged plants from 88.73% to 26.67%, and achieved the highest control effect of 69.91%. Tetraniliprole of 2.4 g a.i. /kg seed can effectively inhibit A. ipsilon until 14 days after seed germination, with the lowest mortality rate of 44.44%. During the entire exposure period, the maximum residual concentration of tetraniliprole detected in the soil (5.86 mg/kg) was considerably lower than the LC50 value of tetraniliprole to E. fetida (>4000 mg/kg). According to the low-tier risk assessment, the highest risk quotient (RQ) of tetraniliprole seed treatment to earthworms at test concentrations was 2.8 × 10−3, which was evaluated as acceptable. This study provided data support for tetraniliprole seed treatment to control underground pests in maize fields.
中文翻译:
土虫缩微中丁腈的毒性,残留和风险评估
用化学物质处理玉米种子以控制地下害虫是一种常见的农业实践,但是不适当地使用杀虫剂会对植物发育和土壤非目标生物构成巨大威胁。在这项研究中,研究了在玉米播种期用四甲腈种子拌种来控制黑线虫Agrotis ipsilon(鳞翅目:夜蛾科)的有效性及其对earth (Eisenia fetida)的安全性。替尼利尔在大肠杆菌中和依普西隆中的选择性毒性(ST)大于4000。在浓度为2.4-9.6 g ai / kg的种子中,未观察到丁腈腈种子处理对玉米种子发芽的显着不利影响。与未经处理的对照相比,用9.6 g ai / kg种子的丁腈腈进行种子处理可将受损植物的百分比从88.73%大大降低至26.67%,并获得最高的防治效果69.91%。2.4 g ai / kg种子的四氢硅谷可直到种子发芽后14天才有效抑制A. ipsilon,最低死亡率为44.44%。在整个曝光时间段,tetraniliprole的最大残留浓度在土壤(5.86毫克/千克)比LC被显着地降低检测50 tetraniliprole的值,以赤子爱胜蚓(> 4000 mg / kg)。根据低层风险评估,在试验浓度下,四腈腈种子处理对worm的最高风险商(RQ)为2.8×10 -3,被认为是可以接受的。这项研究为丁腈腈种子处理控制玉米田地下害虫提供了数据支持。