Abstract:Bacon’s “idols” of the mind are frequently cited, but discussion of the idols tends to focus on the metaphorical terms “tribe,” “cave,” “marketplace,” and “theater.” Less consideration has been given to his use of the term “idol.” To understand his doctrine of idols requires that we contextualize Bacon’s work within the history of early modern religious reform: just as Luther had argued for a reformed method of scriptural interpretation, so Bacon argues for a reformed method for the “Interpretation of Nature.” Bacon’s innovations in the study of nature—his theory of forms and method of induction—extend the project of reform to the study of nature through the logic of a longstanding metaphor connecting the Book of God’s Word to the Book of his Works. Only by avoiding the “idols” of scholastic philosophy, in the study of nature as in the study of scripture, Bacon argues, can we properly “inquir[e]” into “divine truth.”

中文翻译：

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弗朗西斯·培根的偶像与改革科学

摘要：培根的思想“偶像”经常被提及，但是对偶像的讨论往往集中在隐喻性的术语“部落”，“洞穴”，“市场”和“剧院”上。对于他使用“偶像”一词的考虑很少。要了解他的偶像学说，我们需要在早期现代宗教改革的历史中将培根的工作情境化：正如路德（Luther）主张改革经文解释的方法一样，培根也主张对经改革的方法进行“自然诠释”。培根在自然研究中的创新（他的形式理论和归纳方法）通过长期的隐喻逻辑（将《圣经》和《圣经》与他的著作联系起来）将改革计划扩展到自然研究。只有避免学术哲学的“偶像”，