Abstract:Sigmund Freud's 1936 letter (the "Acropolis letter") to the French author and Nobel Prize laureate, Romain Rolland, is considered paradigmatic of Freud's self-analyses and has been used in much biography and psycho-biography of Freud. The letter also has long been a scholarly puzzle, both in terms of its manifest content and in terms of its awkwardness as a letter to a supposed friend. While the letter culminates with Freud identifying his own aggression for his father, the letter consistently has been cited as evidence of Freud's unacknowledged aggression for Rolland. In this article, I revisit translations and understandings of the letter, presenting evidence that, contrary to widespread scholarship, Freud's relationship with Rolland was neither rivalric nor clearly antagonistic. Moreover, misreadings of the Acropolis letter, likely precipitated by imperfect translations, are identified and refuted. A new translation of the letter is presented.

中文翻译：

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重新思考弗洛伊德与罗兰的关系：弗洛伊德《卫城书信》的解读与翻译

摘要：西格蒙德·弗洛伊德 (Sigmund Freud) 1936 年写给法国作家和诺贝尔奖获得者罗曼·罗兰 (Romain Rolland) 的信（“卫城信”）被认为是弗洛伊德自我分析的典范，并已被用于弗洛伊德的许多传记和心理传记中。这封信长期以来一直是一个学术难题，无论是就其明显的内容而言，还是就其作为给假定朋友的信的尴尬而言。虽然这封信的高潮是弗洛伊德承认自己对父亲的侵略，但这封信一直被引用为弗洛伊德对罗兰未承认的侵略的证据。在这篇文章中，我重新审视了这封信的翻译和理解，提出证据表明，与广泛的学术研究相反，弗洛伊德与罗兰的关系既不是敌对的，也不是明显的敌对关系。而且，对雅典卫城信件的误读，可能是由于翻译不完善造成的，被识别并驳斥。提出了这封信的新译本。