Abstract The proliferation of Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs) and Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) has given rise to significant debate on the need to measure, understand and possibly regulate the impact these agreements have on the multilateral trading system under the umbrella of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This article will discuss the two Doha Transparency Mechanisms (legal transparency) regarding regional trade agreements, as they appear in two General Council decisions from 2006 and 2010. I will argue based on a closer look and a consistent interpretation of Paragraph 10 of the Doha Ministerial Declaration that there is another type of transparency that is relevant to the discussion on PTAs/RTAs, namely “internal transparency.” “Internal transparency stricto sensu” highlights the significance of trust in the WTO institutional processes, such as negotiations, decision-making, dispute settlement and trade monitoring that the representatives of developing member states should have in order for the WTO system to function productively. “Internal transparency lato sensu” is introduced in this article as an extension to include any decision-making deficits, exclusionary and asymmetrical outcomes specifically in the area of unchecked Preferential Trade Agreement proliferation. Instead of a conclusion, the article offers some proposals for more a meaningful progress in the WTO with respect to PTAs/RTAs The proposals aim at raising the profile of both legal and internal of transparency and posit that raising the profile of one will inevitably lead in improvements in the other.

中文翻译：

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两位贵族：WTO中的内部和法律透明性及其与优惠和区域贸易协定的联系

摘要优惠贸易协定（PTA）和区域贸易协定（RTA）的激增引起了关于是否需要衡量，了解和可能规范这些协定对世界贸易框架下的多边贸易体系影响的大量辩论。组织（WTO）。本文将讨论关于区域贸易协定的两个多哈透明度机制（法律透明性），它们出现在2006年和2010年的两届理事会决议中。我将基于多哈部长级会议第10段的仔细观察和一致解释进行辩论宣布存在与PTA / RTA讨论相关的另一种类型的透明度，即“内部透明度。“严格的内部透明度”突出了对世贸组织体制过程的信任的重要性，例如发展中成员国的代表为使世贸组织体系能够有效运作而必须进行的谈判，决策，争端解决和贸易监测。本文引入“内部透明性”作为扩展，以包括任何决策缺陷，排他性和不对称结果，特别是在未经检查的优惠贸易协议扩散领域。文章没有给出结论，而是提出了一些建议，以使WTO在PTA / RTAs方面取得更大的进展。这些建议旨在提高法律透明度和内部透明度的认识，并认为提高一个人的认识不可避免地会导致其他方面的改进。