ABSTRACT

Adolescents brought before court suffer excessively of mental disorders. Less is known about subsequent criminal participation of adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Our register study comprised all subjects that had between 1980 and 2010 been admitted to psychiatric inpatient care in Finland for the first time in their lives at ages 13–17 (n = 16 842), identified in the Care Register for Health Care and followed up for up to 10 years in the Register of Prosecutions, Sentences and Punishments. Incidence of register entry for any crime was 2.4/100 person-years, 4.0 in males and 1.9 in females. Incidence of violent crime was 0.9/100 person-years, 1.5 in males and 0.3 in females. Greatest risk for subsequent crime was associated with diagnoses of conduct, personality and substance use disorders (F90–92, F60–69, F10–19). Schizophrenia group diagnoses (F20–29) were associated with lowest risk. Later criminality was manifold among those who already had a crime register entry before the index treatment. Need for psychiatric inpatient care during adolescence associates with a great risk of antisocial development. Treatment needs to address this risk by systematically implementing evidence-based interventions. Health and social policies need to ensure resources and skills to these treatments.

摘要

被带上法庭的青少年患有过度的精神障碍。对青少年精神病住院患者随后的犯罪参与知之甚少。我们的登记研究包括在 1980 年至 2010 年期间在芬兰首次接受精神病住院治疗的所有受试者，年龄在 13-17 岁（n = 16 842），在医疗保健护理登记册中确定并进行了随访长达 10 年的检控、判刑和处罚登记册。任何犯罪登记的发生率为 2.4/100 人年，男性为 4.0，女性为 1.9。暴力犯罪的发生率为 0.9/100 人年，男性为 1.5，女性为 0.3。随后犯罪的最大风险与行为、人格和物质使用障碍的诊断有关（F90-92、F60-69、F10-19）。精神分裂症组诊断 (F20-29) 与最低风险相关。在索引处理之前已经有犯罪登记条目的人中，后来的犯罪行为是多种多样的。青春期需要精神病住院治疗与反社会发展的巨大风险有关。治疗需要通过系统地实施循证干预来解决这种风险。健康和社会政策需要确保这些治疗的资源和技能。