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Sampling in environmental matrices: a critical review
Environmental Forensics ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-21 , DOI: 10.1080/15275922.2021.1887971
Prashant P. Bhave 1 , Karan Sadhwani 1
Affiliation  

Abstract

The sampling design of Deonar dumping ground located at Mumbai, India is conceptualized in this paper using seven different sampling protocols. The sampling design is developed to investigate the total mercury levels in the soil. Individual units are selected from the population to establish the pollution status of the area. It is seen that time and budgetary constraints are major factors affecting the selection of sampling protocols. Data Quality Objectives (DQO), Data Quality Indicators (DQI) and Data Quality Assessment (DQA) form part of the sampling design. Data Quality Objectives and Data Quality Indicators are designed for Deonar dumping ground. DQI’s include precision, accuracy, representativeness, comparability, completeness, bias, reproducibility, repeatability and sensitivity. DQO consist of a seven-step plan to optimize the sampling design for obtaining the required data from site investigation. Sampling protocols form a part of DQO’s. It is found that the optimal sampling protocol depends on the underlying goals of the site investigation. Sampling protocols namely judgmental, simple random, stratified, ranked set, systematic and grid, adaptive cluster and composite are applied to the dumping ground. A critical review of sampling in the environmental matrix is presented.



中文翻译:

环境矩阵中的抽样:批判性评论

摘要

本文使用七种不同的采样协议对位于印度孟买的 Deonar 垃圾场的采样设计进行了概念化。开发取样设计是为了调查土壤中的总汞含量。从人口中选择个别单位来确定该地区的污染状况。可以看出,时间和预算限制是影响抽样方案选择的主要因素。数据质量目标 (DQO)、数据质量指标 (DQI) 和数据质量评估 (DQA) 构成抽样设计的一部分。数据质量目标和数据质量指标专为 Deonar 垃圾场设计。DQI 包括精密度、准确度、代表性、可比性、完整性、偏差、再现性、可重复性和灵敏度。DQO 包括一个七步计划,以优化抽样设计,以便从现场调查中获得所需的数据。采样协议构成 DQO 的一部分。发现最佳采样方案取决于现场调查的基本目标。垃圾场采用判断、简单随机、分层、排序集、系统和网格、自适应集群和复合等抽样协议。对环境矩阵中的采样进行了严格审查。将自适应集群和复合材料应用于倾倒场。对环境矩阵中的采样进行了严格审查。将自适应集群和复合材料应用于倾倒场。对环境矩阵中的采样进行了严格审查。

更新日期:2021-02-21
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