A microstructural analysis was performed to determine the presence of oxygen in a wire rod section of AISI 1008 steel with a surface mechanical failure produced during wire drawing. The failure zone was analyzed by comparison using three different attack reagents: alkaline sodium chromate (ASC), ASC with hydrogen peroxide and amyl alcohol, and a solution of nitric acid in ethyl alcohol. The reagents were applied in samples in the failure zone, showing different types of zones in regions with internal and superficial defects such as carbides, pores, cracks, deformation, and detachment zones, indicating the possible presence of oxygen. The areas identified were observed by means of an optical microscope and were correlated with the content of elements that were present in the region using a scanning electron microscope and a scattered X-ray energy spectrometer, which determined that the areas identified by chromate sodium correspond to regions with a high concentration of oxygen and slag-forming elements such as silicon, aluminum, and iron; this is associated with the presence of oxygen in the oxide form. It was also observed that the ASC and the modified ASC solution with hydrogen peroxide and amyl alcohol could identify areas with a high presence of oxides, while the nitric acid solution only identified the steel microstructure. The modified ASC solution is an alternative to identify the presence of chemical variants of oxygen because the conventional formulation is unstable and has a too short shelf life, and therefore, its application must be carried out at the time of preparation.

进行了微结构分析，以确定在AISI 1008钢的线材截面中存在氧气，并且在拉丝过程中产生了表面机械故障。通过使用三种不同的腐蚀剂进行比较，分析了失效区域：碱性铬酸钠（ASC），具有过氧化氢和戊醇的ASC，以及硝酸在乙醇中的溶液。试剂在失效区域的样品中使用，显示出内部和表面缺陷（例如碳化物，孔隙，裂纹，变形和脱离区域）内区域类型不同的区域，表明可能存在氧气。用光学显微镜观察鉴定出的区域，并使用扫描电子显微镜和散射X射线能谱仪将其与该区域中存在的元素含量相关联，这确定了铬酸钠鉴定出的区域对应于氧气和硅，铝和铁等熔渣形成元素浓度高的区域；这与氧化物形式的氧的存在有关。还观察到，ASC和用过氧化氢和戊醇改性的ASC溶液可以识别出存在大量氧化物的区域，而硝酸溶液只能识别出钢的显微组织。