Automated driving will be of high value in the future. While in partial-automated driving the driver must always monitor the traffic situation, a paradigm shift is taking place in the case of conditional automated driving (Level 3 according to SAE). From this level of automation onwards, the vehicle user is released from permanent vehicle control and environmental monitoring and is allowed to engage in Non-Driving Related Tasks (NDRT) in his or her newly gained spare time. These tasks can be performed until a take-over request informs the user to resume vehicle control. As the driver is still considered to be the fall-back level, this aspect of taking over control is considered especially critical. While previous research projects have focused their studies on the factors influencing the take-over request, this paper focuses on the effects of NDRT on the user of the vehicle during conditional automated driving, especially on the human workload. NDRT (such as Reading, Listening, Watching a movie, Texting and Monitoring ride) were examined within a static driving simulator at the Institute of Ergonomics & Human Factors with 56 participants in an urban environment. These NDRT were tested for mental workload and the ability to take over in a critical situation. To determine the perceived workload, the subjective workload, psychophysiological activity as well as performance-based parameters of a secondary competing task performed by a were used. This study revealed that the selected NDRT vary significantly in their mental workload and that the workload correlates with the length of the time needed for take over control. NDRT which are associated with a high workload (such as Reading or Texting) also lead to longer reaction times.

中文翻译：

---

非驾驶相关任务对有条件自动驾驶期间心理工作量和接管时间的影响

自动驾驶在未来将具有很高的价值。在部分自动驾驶中，驾驶员必须始终监视交通状况，而在有条件自动驾驶的情况下，则发生了范式转换（根据SAE，级别为3）。从这种自动化水平开始，车辆用户不再需要进行永久性车辆控制和环境监测，并且可以在其新获得的业余时间从事非驾驶相关任务（NDRT）。可以执行这些任务，直到接管请求通知用户恢复车辆控制为止。由于仍然认为驱动程序是回退级别，因此，控制的这一方面特别重要。尽管先前的研究项目将研究重点放在影响接管请求的因素上，本文着眼于有条件自动驾驶过程中NDRT对车辆用户的影响，特别是对人员的工作量。在人机工程学与人为因素研究所的静态驾驶模拟器中对NDRT（例如阅读，听力，看电影，发短信和监视骑行）进行了检查，其中有56名参与者在城市环境中。对这些NDRT进行了心理负荷测试以及在紧急情况下的接管能力。为了确定感知的工作量，使用了由a执行的次要竞争任务的主观工作量，心理生理活动以及基于性能的参数。这项研究表明，所选的NDRT在他们的精神工作量上有很大差异，并且工作量与接管控制所需的时间长短有关。