The development of mobile optoelectronic graders for separating viable seeds by spectrometric properties with high detection accuracy represents a very relevant direction of development for seed handling operations. Here, the main parameters of the radiation source and receiver for detecting a single seed in the diagnostic system of a mobile grader were modeled based on the principles of technical optics using Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seeds as a case study. Among the pine seeds in the seed batch, there are fossilized and empty seeds that are exactly the same in geometric and gravitational parameters as live seeds. For their separation from the seed batch, data from spectrometric studies in the near-infrared (980 nm) region can be used. To substantiate the parameters of the light source, a geometric optical model of optical beam formation was considered, while the energy model of optical beam formation was considered to substantiate the parameters of the light detector. The results of this study show that the signal value depended on the orientation of a single seed relative to the recording window. The beam angle from the radiation source should be within 45 degrees. The difference between the optical streams should be 50 microns, which made it possible to clearly detect the signal at a standard noise level of 15 microns and signal-to-noise detection accuracy ratio of 56.3 dB. This study expands theoretical knowledge in the field of the spectrometric properties of a single seed, considering the cases of its orientation relative to the optical beam, which affected the effective area of detection of the seed. The obtained data on the location of the main elements of the diagnostic system will speed up the design of mobile optoelectronic graders, and the development of a contemporary protocol for improving Scots pine seed quality.

中文翻译：

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移动平地机光电系统中樟子松单种的检测：数学建模

用于通过光谱特性分离具有高检测精度的活种子的移动式光电分级机的发展代表了种子处理操作发展的非常相关的方向。在此，根据使用Scots pine（Pinus sylvestris）的技术光学原理，对移动式平地机诊断系统中用于检测单个种子的辐射源和接收器的主要参数进行了建模。L.）种子作为案例研究。在种子批次中的松种子中，有化石和空种子，其几何和引力参数与活种子完全相同。为了将其与种子批料分离，可以使用来自近红外（980 nm）区域的光谱研究数据。为了证实光源的参数，考虑了光束形成的几何光学模型，而考虑了光束形成的能量模型来证实光检测器的参数。这项研究的结果表明，信号值取决于单个种子相对于记录窗口的方向。来自辐射源的光束角应在45度以内。光流之间的差异应为50微米，从而可以在15微米的标准噪声水平和56.3 dB的信噪比检测精度下清晰地检测信号。这项研究扩展了单个种子的光谱特性领域的理论知识，考虑了其相对于光束方向的情况，这影响了种子检测的有效面积。获得的有关诊断系统主要元件位置的数据将加快移动光电平地机的设计，并加快改进苏格兰松树种子质量的现代协议的开发。考虑其相对于光束方向的情况，这影响了种子检测的有效面积。获得的有关诊断系统主要元件位置的数据将加快移动光电平地机的设计，并加快改进苏格兰松树种子质量的现代协议的开发。考虑其相对于光束方向的情况，这影响了种子检测的有效面积。获得的有关诊断系统主要元件位置的数据将加快移动光电平地机的设计，并加快改进苏格兰松树种子质量的现代协议的开发。