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Light pollution colour changes at MHAONB, from distant town conversions to blue-rich LED lighting, implications for rural UK skies
Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2021.107574
Chris Baddiley

The sky in the Malvern Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (MHAONB) has been monitored continually since 2012, when a dark sky survey of the area was carried out commissioned by Malvern Hills Conservators. Ever since then at F.C. Observatory Mathon, the sky brightness has been measured continually, in the last few years at minute intervals in all weathers. On the darkest of nights, a fisheye lensed camera was used at the same intervals. There is a trend in brightness distribution and colour changes on the sky, especially towards the horizon, with clearly separated bright sky domes. The sky quality meter (SQM) photometry data near zenith does not show any great change. In 2015, Malvern Hills Conservators commissioned the author for modelling of the effect on the MHAONB sky, of the ongoing blue rich LED re-lighting throughout Herefordshire.

The SQM photometry shows the sky brightness are very weather dependant; and the camera shows colour changes from orange-pink to blue-rich LEDs. Besides the trend over recent years to blue white from orange, changes can occur over hours or even minutes, depending on cloud cover over individual towns on or beyond the horizon, and local humidity levels. It can vary from orange to blue and red. Clear skies can vary in overall colour from one night to another and brightness falls overnight. This is shown in isophotes and accurate profile curve fitting. The effect of 2020 lockdown is included. A measurement was made of the clear air back scatter ratio from a known luminance source which can be used to estimate the sky visibility degradation from any planned lighting scheme.

For the rural UK, the Milky Way is only 20% contrast to background at zenith on the darkest nights, (MHAONB 21.10 mag.arcsec−2), doubling the road light level across Europe would make it invisible.



中文翻译:

MHAONB的光污染颜色发生了变化,从远处的城镇转换到富含蓝色的LED照明,对英国农村的天空产生了影响

自2012年以来,Malvern Hills保育人员委托对该地区进行了黑暗的天空调查,自此以来,一直在对Malvern Hills杰出自然美景地区(MHAONB)的天空进行连续监测。从那时起,在FC天文台Mathon,就连续不断地测量天空亮度,在过去的几年中,在所有天气中,它的间隔都是微小的。在最黑暗的夜晚,以相同的间隔使用鱼眼镜头相机。在天空中,尤其是朝着地平线的情况下,亮度分布和颜色变化趋势明显,明亮的穹顶明显分开。天顶附近的天空质量仪(SQM)光度数据没有显示任何大的变化。2015年,Malvern Hills Conservators委托作者对MHAONB天空的效果进行建模,对整个Herefordshire正在进行的蓝色丰富LED重新照明进行建模。

SQM光度法显示天空亮度非常依赖天气;相机显示颜色从橙色到橙色的变化。除了近几年从橙色变为蓝白色的趋势外,变化还可能持续数小时甚至数分钟,这取决于地平线上或地平线以上各个城镇的云量以及当地的湿度水平。它可以从橙色到蓝色和红色不等。从一晚到另一晚,晴朗的天空的整体颜色可能会有所不同,而亮度会在一夜之间下降。等渗线和精确的轮廓曲线拟合显示了这一点。包括2020年锁定的影响。对来自已知亮度源的晴朗空气后向散射率进行了测量,该测量值可用于根据任何计划的照明方案估算天空能见度的下降。

对于英国农村地区而言,银河系与最黑暗的夜晚的天顶背景(MHAONB 21.10 mag.arcsec -2)仅形成20%的对比,将整个欧洲的道路照明强度加倍会使它不可见。

更新日期:2021-03-15
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