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Effect of input powder attributes on optimized processing and as-built tensile properties in laser powder bed fusion of AlSi10Mg alloy
Journal of Manufacturing Processes ( IF 6.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2021.02.024
Pusong Wang , Adib Salandari-Rabori , Qingshan Dong , Vahid Fallah

A systematic material characterization approach is presented to demonstrate the critical impact of input powder attributes on the optimized parameters and the as-built properties in the Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) of AlSi10Mg alloy. Two batches of powders (conventional and specialty) with widely different attributes, including particles’ morphology, size distribution, internal oxidation, surface chemistry and roughness, were separately investigated for the optimized LPBF parameters. It is showed that the specialty powder with a spherical morphology and a larger mean particle size exhibits a higher flowability, as well as a higher apparent density. The latter, together with a smoother surface topography in the specialty powder particles (thus a lower laser absorptivity), necessitates a higher volumetric energy density (VED) requirement for a complete fusion during the LPBF. The as-built microstructures which resulted from both powders show a similar evolution of total porosity content, melt-pool boundaries and solidification structure, both qualitatively and quantitatively, which is consistent with their comparable YS values. The specialty powder, however, yields a higher UTS and %El in the as-built state, which is believed to be due to a scarce presence of O-rich particles (which otherwise preside primarily within the intercellular regions, as is the case for the conventional powder). The emergence of such O-rich particles in the as-built microstructure could be traced back to the powder source (i.e., in the form of internal O-rich phases and a thick oxide surface layer in the conventional powder). In other words, an O-lean powder translates into an O-lean printed part. One-time recycling of the specialty powder is shown to have a negligible effect on its morphological characteristics, and thus on the optimized set of parameters, consistently yielding as-built YS values similar to those of the original powder. The as-built UTS and %El values resulting from the recycled powder, however, are notably lower than those from the original powder, which are suggested to be due to the presence of contaminants and/or oxide inclusions resulting from the LPBF processing itself and/or during the recycling procedure (e.g., sieving). We believe the correlations established here between the input powder attributes and the LPBF performance of AlSi10Mg alloy can be applicable to many metallic systems.



中文翻译:

输入粉末属性对AlSi10Mg合金激光粉末床熔合工艺优化和成形拉伸性能的影响

提出了一种系统的材料表征方法,以证明输入粉末属性对AlSi10Mg合金激光粉末床熔合(LPBF)的优化参数和初生性能的关键影响。为了优化的LPBF参数,分别研究了两批具有不同特性的粉末(常规粉末和特种粉末),包括颗粒的形态,尺寸分布,内部氧化,表面化学性质和粗糙度。结果表明,具有球形形态和较大平均粒径的特种粉末具有较高的流动性和较高的表观密度。后者,加上特殊粉末颗粒的表面形貌更平滑(因此较低的激光吸收率),为了在LPBF期间完全融合,需要更高的体积能量密度(VED)要求。由这两种粉末产生的已建成的微观结构在定性和定量上都显示出总孔隙率含量,熔池边界和凝固组织的相似演变,这与它们的可比YS值一致。然而,特种粉末在建成状态下会产生较高的UTS和%El,这被认为是由于缺乏富含O的颗粒(否则主要存在于细胞间区域,例如常规粉末)。可以将这种富含O的颗粒在建成的微结构中的出现追溯到粉末源(即,以内部富含O的相和传统粉末中厚的氧化物表面层的形式)。换句话说,贫油粉末会转变成贫油的印刷零件。一次性粉末的回收显示对其形态特征的影响可忽略不计,因此对优化的参数集的影响可忽略不计,始终如一地产生与原始粉末相似的YS值。但是,回收粉末产生的建成后UTS和%El值显着低于原始粉末,这建议是由于LPBF加工本身和杂质导致的污染物和/或氧化物夹杂物的存在。 /或在回收程序中(例如,过筛)。我们相信,此处建立的输入粉末属性与AlSi10Mg合金的LPBF性能之间的相关性可以适用于许多金属系统。一次性粉末的回收显示对其形态特征的影响可忽略不计,因此对优化的参数集的影响可忽略不计,始终如一地产生与原始粉末相似的YS值。但是,回收粉末产生的建成后UTS和%El值显着低于原始粉末,这建议是由于LPBF加工本身和杂质导致的污染物和/或氧化物夹杂物的存在。 /或在回收程序中(例如,过筛)。我们相信,此处建立的输入粉末属性与AlSi10Mg合金的LPBF性能之间的相关性可以适用于许多金属系统。一次性粉末的回收表明对其形态特征的影响可忽略不计,因此对优化的参数集的影响可忽略不计,始终如一地产生与原始粉末相似的YS值。但是,回收粉末产生的建成后UTS和%El值显着低于原始粉末,这建议是由于LPBF加工本身和杂质导致的污染物和/或氧化物夹杂物的存在。 /或在回收程序中(例如,过筛)。我们相信,此处建立的输入粉末属性与AlSi10Mg合金的LPBF性能之间的相关性可以适用于许多金属系统。因此,通过优化的参数集,可以始终如一地产生与原始粉末相似的YS值。但是,回收粉末产生的建成后UTS和%El值显着低于原始粉末,这建议是由于LPBF加工本身和杂质导致的污染物和/或氧化物夹杂物的存在。 /或在回收程序中(例如,过筛)。我们相信,此处建立的输入粉末属性与AlSi10Mg合金的LPBF性能之间的相关性可以适用于许多金属系统。因此,通过优化的参数集,可以始终如一地产生与原始粉末相似的YS值。但是,回收粉末产生的建成后UTS和%El值显着低于原始粉末,这建议是由于LPBF加工本身和杂质导致的污染物和/或氧化物夹杂物的存在。 /或在回收程序中(例如,过筛)。我们相信,此处建立的输入粉末属性与AlSi10Mg合金的LPBF性能之间的相关性可以适用于许多金属系统。认为这是由于LPBF处理本身和/或在回收程序(例如筛分)过程中存在污染物和/或氧化物夹杂物所致。我们相信,此处建立的输入粉末属性与AlSi10Mg合金的LPBF性能之间的相关性可以适用于许多金属系统。认为这是由于LPBF处理本身和/或在回收程序(例如筛分)过程中存在污染物和/或氧化物夹杂物所致。我们相信,此处建立的输入粉末属性与AlSi10Mg合金的LPBF性能之间的相关性可以适用于许多金属系统。

更新日期:2021-02-21
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