Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the important environmental pollutants that are mainly originated from industrial activities, vehicle emissions, biomass combustion, etc. Nowadays, the surrounding environment of the abandoned industrial area may still have potential health effects on the population, but current researches have paid less attention to this issue. Therefore, we report a comparative investigation focusing on the concentration, distribution, source identification, and risk assessment of PAHs in soils from surrounding areas of an abandoned industrial district and an ecological village in Zhejiang Province, China. Our findings are as follows: the levels of ∑₁₆PAHs ranged from 150.2 to 83096 ng·g⁻¹ with an average concentration of 7680.4 ng·g⁻¹ in industrial area, whereas 49.4 to 778.2 ng·g⁻¹ with an average concentration of 213.5 ng·g⁻¹ in rural area. Although high molecular weight PAHs were both dominant contaminants in study areas, the composition profiles of 16 priority PAHs in soils from the two sampling sites had large differences. Source identification analysis verified that fossil fuel burning and vehicle emissions were the main sources of PAHs in industrial area, while the primary sources were biomass burning and vehicle emission in rural area. The incremental lifetime cancer risk results demonstrated that dermal contact was the most influential factor for all groups, and adults might face higher potential health risk than children in both industrial and rural areas. Moreover, the overall ecological risk of soil PAH pollution was low in rural area, but some individual samples were still high in the abandoned industrial area. Our research is of great significance for the management of the surrounding environment of abandoned industrial areas.

多环芳烃（PAHs）是重要的环境污染物之一，主要来自工业活动，车辆排放物，生物质燃烧等。如今，废弃工业区的周围环境可能仍对人口健康产生潜在影响，但当前的研究对此问题的关注较少。因此，我们报告了一项比较调查，重点研究了浙江省一个废弃工业区和一个生态村周边地区土壤中PAHs的浓度，分布，来源识别和风险评估。我们的发现如下：∑ ₁₆ PAHs的水平范围从150.2到83096 ng·g ^-1，平均浓度为7680.4 ng·g ^-1在工业区，平均浓度为49.4至778.2 ng·g ^-1，平均浓度为213.5 ng·g ^-1在农村地区。尽管高分子量PAHs都是研究区域中的主要污染物，但两个采样点的土壤中16种优先PAHs的组成特征差异很大。来源识别分析证实，化石燃料燃烧和车辆排放是工业区多环芳烃的主要来源，而主要来源是农村地区的生物质燃烧和车辆排放。终生增加的癌症风险结果表明，皮肤接触是所有人群中最有影响力的因素，在工业和农​​村地区，成年人可能比儿童面临更高的潜在健康风险。此外，农村地区土壤多环芳烃污染的总体生态风险较低，但在废弃的工业区中个别样品仍较高。