Abstract

This paper presents an assessment of the modern radioecological situation in forest (pine, spruce, and birch forests) and fallow ecosystems in contaminated areas of Kaluga oblast, Russian Federation. The densities of soil contamination with natural radionuclides (²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K) in the study area conform to the background levels; while the soil contamination with the technogenic radionuclide (¹³⁷Cs) significantly exceeds the background level (3 kBq/m²) varying from 60.8 to 273.8 kBq/m². Forest ecosystems (especially coniferous ones) are contaminated with ¹³⁷Cs to the highest extent, while fallow ecosystems are least contaminated. The ¹³⁷Cs contamination density in the soils has decreased by more than 3 times in comparison with the initial period after the fallout (1986); however, it still significantly exceeds the permissible level (37 kBq/m²). The total specific activity of soils and equivalent absorbed dose rates in ecosystems of contaminated areas are primarily determined by the ¹³⁷Cs contribution; while, in background areas, it is determined by the ⁴⁰K contribution.

中文翻译：

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卡卢加州森林和休闲生态系统的现代放射生态状况

摘要

本文介绍了对俄罗斯联邦卡卢加州受污染地区的森林（松树，云杉和桦木森林）和休闲生态系统现代放射生态状况的评估。研究区域中天然放射性核素（²²⁶ Ra，²³² Th和⁴⁰ K）的土壤污染密度与背景水平相符。而放射性核素（¹³⁷ Cs）对土壤的污染大大超过了背景水平（3 kBq / m ²），范围从60.8到273.8 kBq / m ²。森林生态系统（尤其是针叶林）受到¹³⁷ Cs的污染程度最高，而休闲生态系统受到的污染最少。在¹³⁷与污染物释放后的初期相比，土壤中的Cs污染密度降低了3倍以上；但是，它仍然大大超过了允许的水平（37 kBq / m ²）。土壤的总比活度和受污染地区生态系统中的等效吸收剂量率主要取决于¹³⁷ Cs的贡献。而在背景区域，则取决于⁴⁰ K贡献。