Understanding the genetic and molecular basis of grain yield is important for maize improvement. Here, we identified 49 consensus quantitative trait loci (cQTL) controlling maize yield-related traits using QTL meta-analysis. Then, we collected yield-related traits associated SNPs detected by association mapping and identified 17 consensus significant loci. Comparing the physical positions of cQTL with those of significant SNPs revealed that 47 significant SNPs were located within 20 cQTL regions. Furthermore, intensive reviews of 31 genes regulating maize yield-related traits found that the functions of many genes were conservative in maize and other plant species. The functional conservation indicated that some of the 575 maize genes (orthologous to 247 genes controlling yield or seed traits in other plant species) might be functionally related to maize yield-related traits, especially the 49 maize orthologous genes in cQTL regions, and 41 orthologous genes close to the physical positions of significant SNPs. In the end, we prospected on the integration of the public sources for exploring the genetic and molecular mechanisms of maize yield-related traits, and on the utilization of genetic and molecular mechanisms for maize improvement.

了解谷物产量的遗传和分子基础对于玉米改良非常重要。在这里，我们使用 QTL 荟萃分析确定了控制玉米产量相关性状的 49 个共有数量性状基因座 (cQTL)。然后，我们收集了通过关联作图检测到的与产量相关性状相关的 SNP，并鉴定了 17 个共有的显着位点。将 cQTL 的物理位置与显着 SNP 的物理位置进行比较，发现 47 个显着 SNP 位于 20 个 cQTL 区域内。此外，对调节玉米产量相关性状的 31 个基因的深入审查发现，许多基因的功能在玉米和其他植物物种中是保守的。功能保守性表明，575 个玉米基因（与其他植物物种中控制产量或种子性状的 247 个基因直系同源）中的一些可能与玉米产量相关性状在功能上相关，特别是 cQTL 区域的 49 个玉米直系同源基因和 41 个玉米直系同源基因。接近重要 SNP 物理位置的基因。最后，我们对整合公共资源探索玉米产量相关性状的遗传和分子机制以及利用遗传和分子机制进行玉米改良进行了展望。