The speech delivered by U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara on 16 June 1962 at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor is often cited for its significance in the enunciation of U.S. nuclear strategy, but the speech also featured passages decrying the existence of separate, national nuclear forces within the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. This article concentrates on the latter dimension of the speech by examining the context of McNamara's remarks and the reactions they provoked, particularly in Great Britain. A vociferous political debate erupted in the United Kingdom over the country's independent nuclear deterrent. The article presents new evidence about McNamara's thinking on independent nuclear forces during this period and shows that the speech had the unintended consequence of complicating Britain's attempts to enter the European Economic Community. The speech and the resulting debate were a crucial part of the sequence of events that produced the Skybolt crisis at the end of 1962.

中文翻译：

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Skybolt 危机的前奏：肯尼迪政府 1962 年对英法战略核政策的态度

美国国防部长罗伯特·麦克纳马拉于 1962 年 6 月 16 日在密歇根大学安娜堡分校发表的演讲因其在阐述美国核战略方面的重要性而经常被引用，但演讲中也有一些段落谴责独立的、北大西洋公约组织内的国家核力量。本文通过检查麦克纳马拉言论的背景和他们引起的反应，特别是在英国引起的反应，集中讨论演讲的后一方面。英国爆发了一场激烈的政治辩论，讨论该国的独立核威慑力量。这篇文章提供了关于麦克纳马拉在这一时期关于独立核力量的思想的新证据，并表明该演讲具有使英国复杂化的意想不到的后果。s 试图进入欧洲经济共同体。演讲和由此产生的辩论是导致 1962 年底发生 Skybolt 危机的一系列事件的关键部分。