This paper provides a new assessment of Caesar's activity in northeast Italy, both in the 50sbcand in the aftermath of the Civil War, and discusses it against the background of the earlier Roman presence in the region and of the developments that intervened in the following generation. Its main contention is that Caesar carried out a number of important political and administrative interventions, both in Histria (chiefly through the foundation of the colony of Pola) and in the Alpine and pre-Alpine regions, marking a fundamental shift in the quality of the Roman presence in the area. The discussion follows five lines of enquiry: the value of the evidence of Caesar'sCommentariifor his activity in northeast Italy; an overview of the problems for which inadequate documentation survives (such as the early history and legal status of Tergeste); the date and background of the colonization of Pola; the changes in the administrative and agrarian set-up of Histria and northeast Italy in the late Republican period; and the resulting economic and social developments in the region. The conclusions summarize the main insights emerging from a very fragmentary body of evidence, and seek to explain the inclusion of Histria in the Augustandiscriptioof Italy with the exceptional prosperity of the region, which Caesar's interest had made possible to chart and exploit more effectively.

中文翻译：

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凯撒在意大利东北部的目标

本文对 50 年代凯撒在意大利东北部的活动进行了新的评估公元前在内战之后，并以早期罗马人在该地区的存在以及干预下一代的发展为背景进行了讨论。它的主要论点是，凯撒在希斯特里亚（主要通过波拉殖民地的建立）以及阿尔卑斯山和阿尔卑斯山前地区进行了许多重要的政治和行政干预，这标志着在质量上的根本转变。罗马人在该地区的存在。讨论遵循五行探究：凯撒的证据的价值评论表彰他在意大利东北部的活动；文件不足的问题的概述（例如 Tergeste 的早期历史和法律地位）；波拉殖民化的日期和背景；共和晚期希斯特里亚和意大利东北部行政和农业结构的变化；以及由此产生的该地区的经济和社会发展。结论总结了从非常零碎的证据中得出的主要见解，并试图解释将 Histria 纳入奥古斯都说明意大利与该地区的异常繁荣，凯撒的兴趣使得有可能更有效地绘制和开发。