In the late 1930s, three mobile penal camps were established in the French colony of Senegal in order to assemble convicts with long sentences and compel them to work outside the prison. Senegalese penal camps were thus a place both of confinement and of circulation for convicts who constantly moved out of the prison to work on the roads. This article argues that the penal camps were spaces of multiple and antagonistic forms of mobility that blurred the divide between the “inside” and the “outside” world. The mobility of penal camps played a key role in the hazardous living and working conditions that penal labourers experienced. However, convict labourers were not unresponsive and a range of protests emerged, from breakout to self-mutilation. These individual and intentional forms of mobility and immobility threw a spanner in the works of the day-to-day functioning of Senegalese penal camps and, more broadly, in the colonial project ofmise en valeur.

中文翻译：

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连接“内部”和“外部”世界：殖民地塞内加尔的劳改营和流动刑罚营（1930 年代至 1950 年代）

1930 年代后期，在法国殖民地塞内加尔建立了三个流动刑事集中营，目的是收集长期服刑的罪犯并迫使他们在监狱外工作。因此，塞内加尔的刑事集中营既是关押场所，又是囚犯流放的场所，他们不断地离开监狱，在路上工作。本文认为，劳改营是多种对立形式的流动空间，模糊了“内部”和“外部”世界之间的界限。劳教所的流动性在劳教人员所经历的危险生活和工作条件中发挥了关键作用。然而，被定罪的劳工并没有反应迟钝，出现了一系列抗议，从爆发到自残。增强.