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The grammaticalization of possessive person marking: a typological approach
Transactions of the Philological Society Pub Date : 2016-02-16 , DOI: 10.1111/1467-968x.12077
Marlou van Rijn 1
Affiliation  

This study focuses on the grammaticalization of agreement markers from possessive pronouns, which has two different dimensions: loss of referentiality (function) and loss of morpho-phonological independence (form). I examine the referential potential and formal expression type of possessive person markers in a worldwide sample of 39 languages with an alienability distinction. Referential potential is measured independently of expression type by applying a new typology of person markers. First, I demonstrate that inalienable possessive marking is at least as referential and formally independent as alienable possessive marking, and often less referential and less independent. Unlike explanations in terms of frequency and iconicity, I argue that this asymmetry is essentially semantics-based: the presence of a possessive relationship is inherent to the meaning of the inalienable noun, which is therefore in less need of expressive marking than alienable nouns. Second, I show that loss of referentiality correlates with loss in form, but in a relative rather than an absolute sense: in individual languages, higher referential markers never show a greater degree of bonding with the possessee than lower referential markers. These results suggest that function and form evolve in the same direction, but need not evolve at the same pace.

中文翻译:

占有人标记的语法化:一种类型学方法

本研究侧重于所有格代词的一致标记的语法化,它有两个不同的维度:指称性(功能)的丧失和形态语音独立性(形式)的丧失。我在具有可异化性区别的 39 种语言的全球样本中检查了占有人标记的指称潜力和形式表达类型。通过应用新的人物标记类型学,独立于表达类型来测量参考潜力。首先,我证明了不可转让的所有格标记至少与可转让的所有格标记一样具有指称性和形式上的独立性,并且通常具有较少的指称性和独立性。与频率和象似性方面的解释不同,我认为这种不对称性本质上是基于语义的:所有格关系的存在是不可转让名词的含义所固有的,因此与可转让名词相比,它不需要表达标记。其次,我表明指称性的丧失与形式的丧失相关,但在相对而非绝对意义上:在个别语言中,较高的指称标记永远不会比较低的指称标记表现出更大程度的与拥有者的联系。这些结果表明,功能和形式朝着相同的方向发展,但不必以相同的速度发展。较高的参考标记永远不会比较低的参考标记显示出与拥有者更大程度的联系。这些结果表明,功能和形式朝着相同的方向发展,但不必以相同的速度发展。较高的参考标记永远不会比较低的参考标记显示出与拥有者更大程度的联系。这些结果表明,功能和形式朝着相同的方向发展,但不必以相同的速度发展。
更新日期:2016-02-16
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