Is it possible to invent a science that sets the rules for an ethical, logical and effective debate? Shams al-Dīn al-Samarqandī (died in the first half of the 14th century), a logician and Ḥanafī jurist thought it possible. He undertook the task of developing a general theory of scientific discussion that had a tremendous success and impact on Muslim scholarship. Ādāb al-baḥth wa-al-munāẓara, as he called it, is a set of ethical and logical principles, taken from Aristotelian logic and Islamic law. His major treatise Risālat Ādāb al-baḥth, initiated a new discipline in which dozens of treatises, commentaries and glosses were written. In my contribution, I will shed light on this neglected science, describe its structure, expose its functions and highlight its significance for the development of debates and intellectual dialogues in the later medieval Islam.

中文翻译：

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ĀDĀB AL-BAḤTH WA-AL-MUNĀẒARA：中世纪后期伊斯兰教中被忽视的争议艺术

是否有可能发明一门为道德、逻辑和有效辩论设定规则的科学？Shams al-Dīn al-Samarqandī（死于 14 世纪上半叶），一位逻辑学家和 Ḥanafī 法学家认为这是可能的。他承担了发展科学讨论的一般理论的任务，该理论对穆斯林学术产生了巨大的成功和影响。Ādāb al-baḥth wa-al-munāẓara正如他所说，它是一套伦理和逻辑原则，取自亚里士多德的逻辑和伊斯兰法。他的主要论文Risālat Ādāb al-baḥth，开创了一个新学科，其中撰写了数十篇论文、评论和注释。在我的贡献中，我将阐明这门被忽视的科学，描述它的结构，揭示它的功能，并强调它对中世纪后期伊斯兰教辩论和知识对话发展的意义。