Over the past two decades, scholarship concerning the black freedom struggle has explored the legacies and consequences of the movement since the passage of civil rights legislation in the mid-1960s. The works emphasize what historian Jacqueline Hall termed a “long civil rights movement” that persisted into and beyond the 1970s, and addressed Charles Eagles’s challenge for scholars to examine the contemporary ramifications of the 1960s movement.1 Since the publication of those two influential essays, Emilye Crosby, Todd Moye, Hasan Jeffries, Françoise N. Hamlin, Tomiko Brown-Nagin, and J. Michael Butler, among others, have produced local studies that provide a more complex assessment of the freedom struggle. Their works collectively highlight the persistent challenges to racial equality that legislation did not address and the ongoing political, economic, and cultural challenges that African Americans still encounter in their demands for racial justice. In addition, Joseph Crespino, Kevin M. Kruse, and Matthew Lassiter have produced works that examine the evolution of white resistance since the 1960s ended at the local, regional, and national levels. The works of Greta de Jong and Kenneth Robert Janken contribute significantly to these dynamic historiographical strains and demonstrate the intersection of economic, political, and legal concerns as battlegrounds in the black freedom struggle as it evolved during and beyond the 1960s. Together, The Wilmington Ten and You Can’t Eat Freedom illustrate the limits of the civil rights movement to fundamentally alter the power imbalance that existed between white and black southerners during the twentieth century and the way its legacy continues to impact contemporary American race relations.

中文翻译：

---

种族镇压、权力和连续性：1960 年代后的黑人自由斗争

在过去的二十年里，关于黑人自由斗争的学术研究探索了自 1960 年代中期民权立法通过以来运动的遗产和后果。这些作品强调了历史学家杰奎琳·霍尔所说的持续到 1970 年代及以后的“长期民权运动”，并解决了查尔斯·伊格尔斯对学者们检查 1960 年代运动的当代影响所面临的挑战。 1 自这两篇有影响力的文章发表以来， Emilye Crosby、Todd Moye、Hasan Jeffries、Françoise N. Hamlin、Tomiko Brown-Nagin 和 J. Michael Butler 等人进行了本地研究，为自由斗争提供了更复杂的评估。他们的作品共同强调了立法未解决的种族平等面临的持续挑战以及持续的政治、非裔美国人在要求种族正义时仍然遇到的经济和文化挑战。此外，Joseph Crespino、Kevin M. Kruse 和 Matthew Lassiter 创作的作品考察了自 1960 年代结束以来在地方、地区和国家层面的白人抵抗运动的演变。Greta de Jong 和 Kenneth Robert Janken 的作品对这些动态的史学张力做出了重大贡献，并展示了经济、政治和法律问题的交叉点，作为黑人自由斗争在 1960 年代及以后演变的战场。一起，