This study traces how Anglo-American legal thinkers used primitive law to develop their concepts of modern law in the century from Austin to Hart. It first examines how Maine developed his historical jurisprudence as a form of social evolutionary analysis of law. Next, it traces the development of legal anthropology as a distinct discipline combining the scientific method of participant observation with the legal method of the case study. Finally, it looks at how Hart uses primitive law to make his famous argument that law was ‘the union of primary and secondary rules’. In each case, legal thinkers develop their concepts of modern law through a foundational contrast with primitive law. This is a striking feature of much Anglo-American jurisprudence that cuts across the borders of the positivist, natural, historical, realist, and other schools of jurisprudence. Appreciating these new uses of primitive law is a first step in excavating an intellectual history of legal thought grounded in the context of colonial knowledge.

中文翻译：

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法律演变：原始法在英美现代法概念中的应用，1861-1961

本研究追溯了从奥斯汀到哈特的世纪英美法律思想家如何利用原始法律发展他们的现代法律概念。它首先考察了缅因州如何将他的历史法学发展为一种社会进化分析法的形式。接下来，它追溯了法律人类学作为一门独特的学科的发展，将参与观察的科学方法与案例研究的法律方法相结合。最后，它着眼于哈特如何使用原始法律来提出他的著名论点，即法律是“主要规则和次要规则的结合”。在每种情况下，法律思想家都通过与原始法律的基本对比来发展他们的现代法律概念。这是许多英美法理学的一个显着特征，它跨越了实证主义、自然主义、历史主义、现实主义、和其他法学院。欣赏原始法律的这些新用途是挖掘以殖民知识为背景的法律思想思想史的第一步。