This article studies how the emergence of new political elites and changes in land tenure relationships shaped the socio-economic profile of local credit markets in the Ottoman Balkans between the late seventeenth and early nineteenth centuries. By using probate inventories and court records for the cities of Salonika (including Karaferye), Vidin and Ruse, I compare how the expansion of tax-farming institutions and the concentration of land ownership influenced the social characteristics of lending activities. I find that, in spite of institutional and political similarities, the evolution of local credit markets did not follow a homogeneous pattern. Contrary to the consensus view in the existing literature, local political and military elites, which most tax farmers and large landowners belonged to, did not play a dominant role as moneylenders. Civilians (such as merchants and artisans) together with other social groups, including janissaries and religious functionaries, provided the bulk of informal credit to local communities (including elites) in the three urban areas.

中文翻译：

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1685-1855 年奥斯曼巴尔干地区的土地所有权、税收农业和地方信贷市场的社会结构

本文研究了 17 世纪末至 19 世纪初，新政治精英的出现和土地使用权关系的变化如何塑造了奥斯曼巴尔干地区当地信贷市场的社会经济概况。通过使用萨洛尼卡（包括卡拉费耶）、维丁和鲁塞等城市的遗嘱认证清单和法庭记录，我比较了税收农业机构的扩张和土地所有权的集中如何影响借贷活动的社会特征。我发现，尽管在制度和政治上存在相似之处，但地方信贷市场的演变并没有遵循同质化的模式。与现有文献中的共识观点相反，大多数税收农民和大地主所属的地方政治和军事精英并没有作为放债人发挥主导作用。