Adaptation to the consequences of climate change has developed into a growing field of concern for the insurance business. However, climate-related risk is not entirely a new field in insurance. Historically, a large number of insurance organisational choices and strategies have been used to mitigate the financial impact of extreme events and uncertainties associated with climate change. Taking the case of forests in Sweden, this article reviews the ways in which climate-related risks such as storm/wind and fire risks have been assured. The study shows that climate-related risks have generally increased over time and that major hazard events have been decisive for strategy and organisation choices. Twentieth-century developments show that corporate insurance coverage increased due to higher levels of anticipated risk, while self-insurance and public insurance were reduced. However, in more recent times the expansion of corporate insurance has stagnated. Increased premiums and tighter terms following historically extreme weather events have led government and forest owners to assume more climate risks.

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历史背景下的保险模型和气候风险评估

适应气候变化的后果已成为保险业日益关注的领域。然而，气候相关风险在保险领域并不完全是一个新领域。从历史上看，大量的保险组织选择和策略已被用于减轻极端事件和与气候变化相关的不确定性的财务影响。本文以瑞典的森林为例，回顾了确保风暴/风和火灾风险等气候相关风险的方式。研究表明，气候相关风险普遍随着时间的推移而增加，重大灾害事件对战略和组织选择具有决定性意义。20 世纪的发展表明，由于更高水平的预期风险，公司保险的覆盖范围有所增加，同时减少了自保和公共保险。然而，最近一段时间，企业保险的扩张停滞不前。历史上的极端天气事件导致保费增加和条款收紧，导致政府和森林所有者承担更多的气候风险。