The relationship between immigration detention and trauma is well established, and scholars have often employed Agamben's notion of the camp to explain the psychological deterioration that asylum-seekers experience in detention. Using Australia as a case study, this article argues that while the camp model is highly instructive in some contexts (such as Australia's offshore processing facilities), it is less useful in understanding facilities that are ostensibly bound by social and legal constraints (such as Australia's onshore detention facilities). Detention centres such as those on the Australian mainland, this article demonstrates, are best understood not as camps but as prisons. In making this claim, this article opens up a rich body of empirical and theoretical research regarding the operation of power - and, in particular, the infliction of psychological pain - in carceral institutions. In doing so, it provides a theoretical scaffolding for understanding how immigration detention facilities can and do inflict harm in situations where governments must maintain an appearance of civility and respect for the law. Furthermore, it provides a grounding and vocabulary for understanding outcomes such as trauma and mental illness not as failures of immigration detention systems, but as some of their core functions.

中文翻译：

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剥夺、挫折和创伤：作为监狱的移民拘留中心

移民拘留和创伤之间的关系已经确立，学者们经常使用阿甘本的集中营概念来解释寻求庇护者在拘留期间所经历的心理恶化。本文以澳大利亚作为案例研究，认为虽然营地模型在某些情况下（例如澳大利亚的离岸加工设施）具有很强的指导意义，但它在理解表面上受到社会和法律约束的设施（例如澳大利亚的陆上拘留设施）。本文表明，澳大利亚大陆上的拘留中心最好不要理解为集中营，而应理解为监狱。在提出这一主张时，本文开辟了关于权力运作的丰富经验和理论研究——尤其是，心理痛苦的施加 - 在监狱机构中。这样做，它为理解移民拘留设施如何在政府必须保持礼貌和尊重法律的情况下造成伤害提供了理论框架。此外，它为理解创伤和精神疾病等结果提供了基础和词汇，而不是将其视为移民拘留系统的失败，而是将其视为其一些核心功能。