The appearance of the COVID-19 in Europe has prompted lawmakers to introduce public health measures that inevitably hurt the economy by reducing economic activity and business revenues. The foreseeable risk that the pandemic could be followed immediately by a bankruptcy epidemic led to the adoption of rules related to insolvency and restructuring laws in emergency legislation in most European countries. These rules aim at avoiding businesses to become insolvent either by suspending insolvency tests (see II.) or by providing cash support and debt moratoria (see III.). They may also contain measures that indirectly affect insolvency and restructuring proceedings (see IV.). This paper explains the logic behind emergency legislation and the specific rules adopted in European countries.

中文翻译：

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破产与重组法领域的COVID-19紧急立法

COVID-19在欧洲的出现促使立法者采取了公共卫生措施，这些措施不可避免地通过减少经济活动和企业收入而损害了经济。在可预见的风险中，大流行可能紧随破产流行之后，导致大多数欧洲国家的紧急立法中采用了与破产和重组法律有关的规则。这些规则旨在通过暂停破产测试（参见II。）或提供现金支持和暂停债务（参见III。）来避免企业破产。它们也可能包含间接影响破产和重组程序的措施（见IV。）。本文解释了紧急立法背后的逻辑以及欧洲国家采用的特定规则。