Significance: Infrared (IR) inhibition can selectively block peripheral sensory nerve fibers, a potential treatment for autonomic-dysfunction-related diseases (e.g., neuropathic pain and interstitial cystitis). Lowering the IR inhibition threshold can increase its translational potentials. Aim: Infrared induces inhibition by enhancing potassium channel activation. We hypothesized that the IR dose threshold could be reduced by combining it with isotonic ion replacement. Approach: We tested the IR inhibition threshold on the pleural-abdominal connective of Aplysia californica. Using a customized chamber system, the IR inhibition was applied either in normal saline or in isotonic ion-replaced saline, which could be high glucose saline, high choline saline, or high glucose/high choline saline. Each modified saline was at a subthreshold concentration for inhibiting neural conduction. Results: We showed that isotonically replacing ions in saline with glucose and/or choline can reduce the IR threshold and temperature threshold of neural inhibition. Furthermore, the size selectivity of IR inhibition was preserved when combined with high glucose/high choline saline. Conclusions: The present work of IR inhibition combined with isotonic ion replacement will guide further development of a more effective size-selective IR inhibition modality for future research and translational applications.

中文翻译：

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等渗离子置换可降低选择性红外神经抑制的阈值

意义：红外线 (IR) 抑制可以选择性地阻断周围感觉神经纤维，这是一种潜在的治疗自主神经功能障碍相关疾病（例如，神经性疼痛和间质性膀胱炎）的方法。降低 IR 抑制阈值可以增加其翻译潜力。目的：红外线通过增强钾通道激活来诱导抑制。我们假设通过将其与等渗离子置换相结合可以降低 IR 剂量阈值。方法：我们测试了海兔胸腹结缔组织的 IR 抑制阈值。使用定制的腔室系统，IR 抑制应用于生理盐水或等渗离子置换盐水，可以是高葡萄糖盐水、高胆碱盐水或高葡萄糖/高胆碱盐水。每种改性盐水都处于抑制神经传导的阈下浓度。结果：我们发现用葡萄糖和/或胆碱等渗置换盐水中的离子可以降低神经抑制的 IR 阈值和温度阈值。此外，当与高葡萄糖/高胆碱盐水组合时，IR 抑制的大小选择性得以保留。结论：IR 抑制与等渗离子置换相结合的当前工作将指导进一步开发更有效的尺寸选择性 IR 抑制方式，用于未来的研究和转化应用。当与高葡萄糖/高胆碱盐水组合时，IR抑制的大小选择性得以保留。结论：IR 抑制与等渗离子置换相结合的当前工作将指导进一步开发更有效的尺寸选择性 IR 抑制方式，用于未来的研究和转化应用。当与高葡萄糖/高胆碱盐水组合时，IR抑制的大小选择性得以保留。结论：IR 抑制与等渗离子置换相结合的当前工作将指导进一步开发更有效的尺寸选择性 IR 抑制方式，用于未来的研究和转化应用。