Much of the knowledge about the relationships among domains of psychopathology is built on the diagnostic categories described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), and relatively little research has examined the symptom-level structure of psychopathology. The aim of this study was to delineate a detailed hierarchical model of psychopathology—from individual symptoms up to a general factor of psychopathology—allowing both higher- and lower-order dimensions to depart from the structure of the DSM. We explored the hierarchical structure of hundreds of symptoms spanning 18 DSM disorders in two large samples—one from the general population in Australia (n = 3,175) and the other a treatment-seeking clinical sample from the United States (n = 1,775). There was marked convergence between the two samples, offering new perspectives on higher-order dimensions of psychopathology. We also found several noteworthy departures from the structure of the DSM in the symptom-level data.

关于精神病理学领域之间关系的大部分知识都是建立在《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》（DSM）中描述的诊断类别之上，并且相对较少的研究检查了精神病理学的症状水平结构。这项研究的目的是描绘一个详细的精神病理学分层模型——从个体症状到精神病理学的一般因素——允许高阶和低阶维度偏离 DSM 的结构。我们在两个大样本中探索了涵盖 18 种DSM疾病的数百种症状的层次结构，一个来自澳大利亚普通人群 ( n = 3,175)，另一个来自美国寻求治疗的临床样本 ( n = 1,775)。两个样本之间存在明显的趋同，为精神病理学的高阶维度提供了新的视角。我们还在症状级数据中发现了与DSM结构的一些值得注意的偏差。