Badlands are typical erosional landforms of the Apennines (Northern Italy) that form on Plio-Pleistocene clayey bedrock and rapidly evolve. The present study aimed at identification and assessment of the areal and temporal changes of badlands within a pilot area of the Modena Province (Emilia Apennines), where no previous detailed investigation has been carried out. For this purpose, a diachronic investigation was carried out to map the drainage basin and the drainage networks of the linear erosion features in the study area during the last 40 years, and to evaluate changes in badlands drainage basins morphometry and surface, land use and pluviometry. The investigation carried out indicated a general stabilisation trend of the badlands in the study area. In fact, a reduction in the bare surface area from 6187.1 m² in 1973 to 4214.1 m² in 2014 (31%), due to an intensified revegetation process around the badland areas, has been recorded. This trend, in line with the results of research carried out in other sector of the Northern Apennines, is mainly due to intensive land use changes, mostly the increase in forest cover and the reduction of agricultural land, that occurred in the study area from the 1970s onwards.

中文翻译：

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艾米利亚亚平宁山脉（意大利北部）荒地形态变化的控制因素

荒地是亚平宁山脉（意大利北部）的典型侵蚀地貌，形成于上新世黏土基岩上并迅速演化。本研究旨在识别和评估摩德纳省试点地区（艾米利亚亚平宁山脉）内荒地的面积和时间变化，此前尚未进行过详细调查。为此，进行了历时性调查，以绘制研究区域过去40年的流域和线性侵蚀特征的流域网络图，并评估荒地流域形态，地表，土地利用和雨量的变化。 。调查表明，研究区荒地的总体稳定趋势。实际上，裸露表面积从6187.1 m ^2减少记录到1973年至2014年的4214.1 m ²（占31％），这是由于荒地周围的植被恢复过程加剧。这一趋势与在北亚平宁山脉其他地区进行的研究结果一致，主要是由于土地利用的密集变化，主要是森林覆盖率的增加和农业用地的减少，这是由于研究区域从1970年代起。