Abstract. Continuous water vapor and temperature profiles are critically needed for improved understanding of the lower atmosphere and potential advances in weather forecasting skill. Ground-based, national-scale profiling networks are part of a suite of instruments to provide such observations; however, the technological method must be cost-effective and quantitative. We have been developing an active remote sensing technology based on a diode-laser-based lidar architecture to address this observational need. Narrowband, high spectral fidelity diode lasers enable accurate and calibration-free measurements requiring a minimal set of assumptions based on direct absorption (Beer-Lambert law) and a ratio of two signals. These well-proven quantitative methods are known as differential absorption lidar (DIAL) and the high spectral resolution lidar (HSRL). This diode-laser-based architecture, characterized by less powerful laser transmitters than those historically used for atmospheric studies, can be made eye-safe and robust. Nevertheless, it also requires solar background suppression techniques such as narrow field-of-view receivers with an ultra-narrow bandpass to observe individual photons backscattered from the atmosphere. We will discuss this diode-laser-based lidar architecture's latest generation and analyze how it addresses a national-scale profiling network's need to provide continuous thermodynamic observations.

中文翻译：

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MicroPulse DIAL（MPD）–基于二极管激光的激光雷达架构，用于定量大气分析

摘要。至关重要的是，需要连续不断的水蒸气和温度曲线，以更好地了解低层大气以及天气预报技能的潜在进步。地面的，国家规模的剖析网络是提供此类观测的一套工具的一部分；但是，该技术方法必须具有成本效益和定量。我们一直在开发基于基于二极管激光的激光雷达架构的有源遥感技术，以解决这种观测需求。窄带，高光谱保真度二极管激光器可进行精确且无需校准的测量，而这些测量需要基于直接吸收（Beer-Lambert定律）和两个信号之比的最小假设集。这些公认的定量方法被称为差分吸收激光雷达（DIAL）和高光谱分辨率激光雷达（HSRL）。这种基于二极管激光器的架构的特点是，其激光发射器的功能比以往用于大气研究的发射器要小，因此对眼睛安全且坚固。然而，它还需要太阳能背景抑制技术，例如具有超窄带通的狭窄视野接收器，以观察从大气反向散射的单个光子。我们将讨论这种基于二极管激光的激光雷达架构的最新一代，并分析其如何满足全国规模的轮廓网络对提供连续热力学观测的需求。它还需要太阳能背景抑制技术，例如具有超窄带通的狭窄视野接收器，以观察从大气反向散射的单个光子。我们将讨论这种基于二极管激光的激光雷达架构的最新一代，并分析其如何满足全国规模的轮廓网络对提供连续热力学观测的需求。它还需要太阳背景抑制技术，例如具有超窄带通的狭窄视野接收器，以观察从大气反向散射的单个光子。我们将讨论这种基于二极管激光的激光雷达架构的最新一代，并分析其如何满足全国规模的轮廓网络对提供连续热力学观测的需求。