Abstract

Artemisia gmelinii Web. ex Stechm. is a pan-Asian mesoxerophyte shrub. A.gmelinii has found application in folk medicine. The composition of the essential oil has been studied for plants growing in different parts of the area. This article demonstrates the composition of essential oils of plants of the Priolkhonian flora (Lake Baikal), in particular in Aya Bay. Raw materials were collected during expeditionary work in 2019. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation from air-dried raw materials in the year they were collected. Oil analysis was performed by chromatography–mass spectrometry. Data on the composition of the essential oil for visualization were processed using principal component analysis. γ-amorphene, isohumbertiol B, caryophylline oxide, caryophylla-4 (12), 8(13)-diene-5α-ol, ylangenol, caryophyllene, and cabrevia oxide B are dominant components of the essential oil of plants from Aya Bay. Based on our own data and published data, we show that the component composition of essential oils is the result of the action of abiotic and biotic environmental factors and ensures that the plants are best suited to their growing conditions. On the other hand, regardless of where the plant grows, the directions of biosynthesis of the constituent essential oils are preserved, which makes it possible to distinguish various chemotypes of essential oils. The composition of the essential oils can be divided into two chemotypes: Indian, characterized by a high content of irregular monoterpenoids in the composition, and Siberian, characterized by a high content of monoterpenoids menthane type. Among the plants of the Siberian chemotype, there is a tendency to the formation of two lines—the western, with a prevalence of camphor terpenoids (camphor, borneol, etc.), and the eastern (alpine) sector of the range, with the accumulation of sesquiterpenic compounds in essential oils.

中文翻译：

---

蒿蒿网精油的组成。前Stechm。РriolkhonianFlora（贝加尔湖）的博物馆

摘要

蒿（Artemisia gmelinii）网站。前Stechm。是一种泛亚中旱植物灌木。mel木已在民间医学中得到应用。已经针对该地区不同地区的植物研究了香精油的成分。本文展示了Priolkhonian植物区系（贝加尔湖），特别是Aya湾中植物精油的成分。在2019年的远征工作中收集了原料。在收集的当年，香精油是通过从空气干燥的原料中加氢蒸馏得到的。用色谱-质谱法进行油分析。使用主成分分析处理用于可视化的精油成分数据。γ-morph烯，异香柏醇B，氧化核糖核酸，抗氧化石蜡4（12），8（13）-二烯-5α-醇，依兰烯醇，抗氧化石蜡和氧化萘甲酚B是来自ya湾的植物精油的主要成分。根据我们自己的数据和已发布的数据，我们表明，香精油的成分组成是非生物和生物环境因素作用的结果，并确保植物最适合其生长条件。另一方面，无论植物在何处生长，都可以保留组成成分的精油的生物合成方向，从而可以区分各种化学型的精油。香精油的成分可分为两种化学型：特征在于成分中高含量的不规则单萜类化合物的印度型和特征在于单萜类薄荷烷型含量高的西伯利亚类。在西伯利亚化学型的植物中，有形成两系的趋势，即西部，有樟脑萜类化合物（樟脑，