In recent years, the Indian National Health Mission (NHM) was introduced by the Government of India as an umbrella of health programs to cover reproductive and child health, adolescent health, and selected disease control programs. These programs were given a mandate to accelerate the achievement of the health-related Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015. Considerable progress toward realizing the MDG objectives has been achieved, especially reductions in infant and child mortality and improvement in measles vaccination coverage (MDG Goal 4), as well as the reduction of maternal mortality and an increase in the number of births attended by skilled personnel (MDG Goal 5). Nevertheless, an overall appraisal of the status of the indicators in 2015 reveals that many of the targets remained to be achieved. The analytical issue explored here is whether the targets were too high to achieve or whether Indian health policies were flawed or too long delayed. This article offers a state-wise analysis of the achievements in health indicators relating to MDGs 4 and 5. The rate of achievement for two time periods, pre-NHM and NHM until 2015, is analyzed here. Our key finding is that most of the targets were indeed infeasible, but that lack of achievement could be attributed to delays in planning; sometimes poor execution of the policies and programs; and to the economic, social, and political disparities within the country. Better organized and more innovative approaches at the state level could improve the realization of vital MDG targets, providing improved public health for all.

中文翻译：

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印度追求千年发展目标：这些目标真的可行吗？

近年来，印度政府提出了印度国家卫生任务（NHM），将其作为健康计划的保护伞，涵盖生殖健康和儿童健康，青少年健康以及某些疾病控制计划。这些计划的任务是在2015年前加快实现与健康有关的千年发展目标。在实现千年发展目标方面取得了相当大的进展，特别是降低了婴儿和儿童的死亡率并改善了麻疹疫苗接种的覆盖率（MDG）目标4），以及降低孕产妇死亡率和增加熟练人员接生的数量（千年发展目标目标5）。尽管如此，对2015年各项指标的现状进行的总体评估显示，许多目标仍有待实现。此处探讨的分析问题是目标是否太高而无法实现，或者印度的卫生政策是否存在缺陷或延迟时间太长。本文对与千年发展目标4和5有关的卫生指标的成就进行了州级分析。此处分析了直到2015年的非NHM和NHM两个时期的成就率。我们的主要发现是，大多数目标确实是不可行的，但是成就的缺乏可能是由于计划的延迟。有时政策和计划执行不力；以及国内的经济，社会和政治差距。在州一级更好地组织和更具创新性的方法可以改善重要的千年发展目标的实现，为所有人提供更好的公共卫生。