In the process of democratisation, it is expected that a former dominant party, at least one which abides by the rules of electoral contestation, will transition into a “catch-all” party. A catch-all party aims to attract the votes of all social cleavages and classes of voters outside what would be considered their traditional voter base. As part of the wider debate about democratisation in East Asia, this paper examines how two of East Asia’s liberal democracies—Japan and South Korea, the LDP and GNP/Saenuri, respectively, have adapted to electoral defeat and in what ways they have transitioned into catch-all parties in the Kircheimer mould. This paper finds that while intra-party reforms which could fit a catch-all model have yet to be institutionalised, data from the Comparative Manifesto Database shows that there has been a significant change in which policies both parties promote and that these are designed to appeal to a broad base of voters.

中文翻译：

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霸权党对包罗万象模式的适应：日韩前霸权党的比较

在民主化进程中，预计一个前占主导地位的政党，至少是一个遵守竞选规则的政党，将转变为一个“包罗万象”的政党。一个包罗万象的政党旨在吸引传统选民基础之外的所有社会分歧和选民阶层的选票。作为关于东亚民主化的更广泛辩论的一部分，本文考察了东亚的两个自由民主国家——日本和韩国，分别是自民党和国民党/新国家党是如何适应选举失败的，以及它们以何种方式转变为Kircheimer 模式中的包罗万象的派对。本文发现，虽然适合包罗万象模式的党内改革尚未制度化，