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Enforcement Process Tracing: Forbearance and Dilution in Urban Colombia and Turkey
Studies in Comparative International Development ( IF 2.591 ) Pub Date : 2018-08-04 , DOI: 10.1007/s12116-018-9274-1
Tuğba Bozçağa , Alisha C. Holland

Cities are complex regulatory environments. Attempts to regulate urban behavior create opportunities for politicians to manipulate enforcement to win votes and reward supporters. While some politicians choose not to enforce regulations, or forbearance, others undercut their intent, or dilution. Empirical research on enforcement has lagged behind due to the identification challenges in distinguishing weak state capacity from political manipulations. We develop a structured approach to process tracing that follows enforcement decisions sequentially across bureaucracies and specifies statistical distributions as counterfactuals to identify the causes of limited enforcement. We illustrate these strategies through original data on enforcement against squatters in urban Colombia and the provision of building permits in urban Turkey. Enforcement process tracing helps to document a form of distributive politics that is common to cities in the developing world.

中文翻译:

执法过程追踪:哥伦比亚和土耳其城市的宽容和稀释

城市是复杂的监管环境。试图规范城市行为为政客创造了操纵执法以赢得选票和奖励支持者的机会。虽然一些政治家选择不执行法规或宽容,但其他人削弱了他们的意图或淡化。由于在区分弱国家能力与政治操纵方面的识别挑战,关于执法的实证研究滞后。我们开发了一种结构化的流程跟踪方法,该方法可以跨官僚机构按顺序遵循执法决定,并将统计分布指定为反事实,以确定执法有限的原因。我们通过哥伦比亚城市针对擅自占地者的执法和土耳其城市建筑许可证的提供的原始数据来说明这些策略。
更新日期:2018-08-04
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