Abstract Rentierism in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region had emanated both from significant external rent and from the statist model of development feeding each other, where legitimacy was secured through rent distribution. The rent-led resource imbalance between the state and the society, as well as intra-societal inequalities in the region, has been less recognized and studied. The flow of external rent in tandem with internal rent-seeking has perpetuated the wealth and power of the political and economic elites and limited economic opportunities of the larger population. The rentierism that bred on vertical controls and network of privileges is set to be disrupted from flows and connectivity generated in the growth of digital commerce in the region.

中文翻译：

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中东食利者主义的政治经济学与数字空间的颠覆

摘要 中东和北非 (MENA) 地区的食利者主义既源于显着的外部租金，也源于相互供养的国家主义发展模式，其中通过租金分配来确保合法性。国家与社会之间以租金为主导的资源失衡，以及该地区社会内部的不平等，很少被认识和研究。外部租金流动与内部寻租相结合，使政治和经济精英的财富和权力得以延续，而更多人口的经济机会有限。在垂直控制和特权网络上滋生的食利主义将被该地区数字商务增长所产生的流动和连通性破坏。