Abstract The Islamic State (ISIS) has sought to realign the role of public religion in the modern secular space by proclaiming to contest all forms of apostasy and re-interrogate the conceptual formulations of belief/unbelief in Islam. Through such quests for realignment, it has sought to revive the medieval debate on the question of confessional religious identity which involved definitional disputations concerning true Muslims. The debate surfaced during the formative phase of the Muslim society and led to the engendering of competing sectarian religiosities. For the Islamic State, its urge for reviving this medieval discourse on confessional religious identity of Muslims is embedded in a romantic vision of the abode of pure Islam, to be inhabited only by true Muslims. However, such a geopolitical imaginary is deeply grounded in a sectarian Sunni political ontology coupled with a prejudicial interpretation of jihad. To accomplish its objectives and for enunciating the attributes of the land of pure Islam, the organization has transformed the Qur’an, which is in the intransitive form, into a transitive form so as to theologize the sacred text into a radical instrument of violence. It has also attempted to transfigure the spiritual character of Islam, referred to as the deen (a pluralistic system), into a cult.

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伊斯兰教与忏悔宗教身份问题：伊斯兰国、叛教和暴力神学的形成

摘要 伊斯兰国 (ISIS) 试图重新调整公共宗教在现代世俗空间中的作用，宣布反对所有形式的叛教并重新质疑伊斯兰教的信仰/不信仰的概念表述。通过这种对重新调整的追求，它试图重振中世纪关于忏悔宗教身份问题的辩论，该辩论涉及对真正穆斯林的定义争论。辩论在穆斯林社会的形成阶段浮出水面，并导致了相互竞争的宗派宗教信仰的产生。对伊斯兰国而言，它希望复兴这种关于穆斯林忏悔宗教身份的中世纪话语的冲动，植根于纯伊斯兰教居所的浪漫愿景，只有真正的穆斯林才能居住。然而，这种地缘政治想象深深植根于宗派逊尼派政治本体论以及对圣战的偏见解释。为了实现其目标并阐明纯伊斯兰教土地的属性，该组织将不及物形式的古兰经转变为可及物形式，从而将神圣文本神学化为一种激进的暴力工具。它还试图将伊斯兰教的精神特征（称为 deen（多元体系））转变为邪教。转化为一种传递形式，以便将神圣文本神学化为一种激进的暴力工具。它还试图将伊斯兰教的精神特征（称为 deen（多元体系））转变为邪教。转化为一种传递形式，以便将神圣文本神学化为一种激进的暴力工具。它还试图将伊斯兰教的精神特征（称为 deen（多元体系））转变为邪教。