The uniqueness of entrepreneurs is a common theme in academic literature and yet, scholars have expressed scepticism about the generalisability of any specific personal characteristic. We argue that the relationship between personal characteristics and entrepreneurial propensity is likely nuanced and will vary by type of entrepreneurial engagement. We compared a specific subset of entrepreneurs, those who willingly risk their personal finances, careers and reputations to pursue their business ventures on a full-time basis, to their non-entrepreneur counterparts. We found these entrepreneurs, termed proactive, differed significantly within four key psychological characteristics: openness to new experiences, work centrality, self-reliance and entrepreneurial self-efficacy.

中文翻译：

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积极进取的企业家：他们是谁，他们又有何不同？

企业家的独特性是学术文献中的普遍主题，然而，学者们对任何特定个人特征的普遍性表示怀疑。我们认为，个人特征与企业家倾向之间的关系可能会发生细微变化，并且会因企业家参与的类型而异。我们将特定的企业家子集与那些非企业家的企业家进行了比较，这些企业家愿意冒着个人财务，职业和声誉冒险全职从事商业活动。我们发现这些被称为积极进取的企业家在四个关键的心理特征上有显着差异：对新经验的开放性，工作中心性，自力更生和企业家自我效能感。