In his landmark work, Richard Alba predicted that white ethnicity would fade into its twilight in the twenty-first century. Where direct inquiries into American white ethnicity have been scant since the millennium’s turn, the authors use recently collected (2014), nationally representative survey data to systematically assess “postmillennial” white ethnic identification. In particular, the authors explore the prevalence of whites identifying with ethnicity today, how this compares with other groups, and how drivers of white ethnic affiliation may have shifted in recent years. The data show that all ethnic claims have declined in the twenty-first-century United States, but the retreat from ethnicity has been accelerated among whites. By the authors’ estimates, only 8.4 percent of whites still claim ethnicity. The authors also find that white ethnic affiliation is now most substantively driven by racial ideology, experience, and perceived victimhood, though some demographic markers remain important. Further analyses show that remaining American white ethnic claimants now perceive white cultural advantages while simultaneously seeing themselves as victims of racial discrimination at rates that rival reports of nonwhites. In sum, these data suggest that white ethnicity has declined but not disappeared as a socially intelligible boundary claim in the postmillennial era and that it has developed as a racialized expression that holds implications for understandings of contemporary white identities, racisms, and resentments.

中文翻译：

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种族的种族化：后千年美国白人的新面孔

理查德·阿尔巴（Richard Alba）在其具有里程碑意义的作品中预言，白人将在二十一世纪逐渐消失。自千年之交以来，对美国白人种族的直接询问很少，作者使用最近收集的（2014年），具有全国代表性的调查数据来系统地评估“千年后”白人种族的身份。特别是，作者探讨了今天白人认同种族的盛行，与其他群体的比较以及近年来白人种族归属的驱动力可能如何变化。数据显示，在二十一世纪的美国，所有种族的主张都在下降，但是白人的种族退缩速度加快了。根据作者的估计，只有8.4％的白人仍然拥有种族。这组作者还发现，尽管某些人口统计指标仍然很重要，但白人种族的归属现在很大程度上是由种族意识形态，经验和被感知的受害者驱动的。进一步的分析表明，剩余的美国白人族裔索偿者现在意识到白人文化的优势，同时将自己视为种族歧视的受害者，其比率与非白人的报道相抗衡。总而言之，这些数据表明，在后千禧年时代，白人作为社会上可理解的边界要求而下降，但并未消失，它已发展成为一种种族化的表达方式，对理解当代白人身份，种族主义和怨恨具有重要意义。尽管某些人口统计指标仍然很重要。进一步的分析表明，剩余的美国白人族裔索偿者现在意识到白人文化的优势，同时将自己视为种族歧视的受害者，其比率与非白人的报道相抗衡。总而言之，这些数据表明，白人族裔在后千禧年时代作为一种社会可理解的边界主张而下降了但并未消失，并且已经发展成为一种种族化的表达方式，对理解当代白人身份，种族主义和怨恨具有重要意义。尽管某些人口统计指标仍然很重要。进一步的分析表明，剩余的美国白人族裔索偿者现在意识到白人文化的优势，同时将自己视为种族歧视的受害者，其比率与非白人的报道相抗衡。总而言之，这些数据表明，白人族裔在后千禧年时代作为一种社会可理解的边界主张而下降了但并未消失，并且已经发展成为一种种族化的表达方式，对理解当代白人身份，种族主义和怨恨具有重要意义。