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Hunters, Crown, Nobles, and Conservation Elites: Class Antagonism over the Ownership of Common Fauna
International Journal of Cultural Property Pub Date : 2017-06-23 , DOI: 10.1017/s0940739117000078
Erica von Essen , Michael Allen , Hans Peter Hansen

:Because of their status ofres nullius—owned by no one—property theory is underdeveloped in regard to wildlife. In this article, wildlife is seen to be sometimes subject to a shadow ownership by class interests in society. Hunters accuse protected wolves of being the “pets” or “property” of an urban-based conservationist middle class. This phenomenon fragments the common fauna and undermines responsibility taking and policy compliance for wildlife that is seen as being owned by an oppositional social class. Using an empirical case study of Swedish hunters, we show how responsibility for wildlife has become entangled with property rights. A historical materialist analysis reveals that hunters once experienced ownership of wildlife by the nobility as co-opting state coercive power. Today, however, aristocracy is replaced by a new elite class of conservationists. Noting the hunters’ tendency to evoke quasi-aristocratic virtues of ownership, we advance recommendations for an alternative approach. We appeal to deliberative democracy to promote the “communing” of wildlife across classes in fora that withstand co-optation by class interests.

中文翻译:

猎人、王室、贵族和保护精英:共同动物群所有权的阶级对抗

: 因为他们的地位无罪——不属于任何人——关于野生动物的财产理论不发达。在本文中,野生动物有时会受到社会阶级利益的影子所有权的影响。猎人指责受保护的狼是城市保护主义中产阶级的“宠物”或“财产”。这种现象破坏了常见的动物群,破坏了被视为由反对派社会阶层拥有的野生动物的责任承担和政策合规性。通过对瑞典猎人的实证案例研究,我们展示了对野生动物的责任如何与产权纠缠在一起。历史唯物主义分析表明,猎人曾经体验过贵族对野生动物的所有权,这是一种选择国家强制力的方式。然而,今天,贵族阶层被新的环保主义者精英阶层所取代。注意到猎人倾向于唤起所有权的准贵族美德,我们提出了另一种方法的建议。我们呼吁协商民主,以促进野生动物跨阶级的“交流”,这些论坛可以经受住阶级利益的吸收。
更新日期:2017-06-23
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