Smart driving has become conceivable due to the rapid growth of vehicular ad hoc networks. VANETs are considered as the main platform for providing safety road information and instant vehicle communication. Nevertheless, due to the open wireless nature of communication channels, VANET is susceptible to security attacks by malicious users. For this reason, secure anonymous authentication schemes are essential in VANETs. However, when vehicles reach a new roadside unit (RSU) coverage area, the vehicles need to perform reauthentication with the current RSU, which significantly diminishes the efficiency of the entire VANET. Therefore, the introduction of blockchain technology has created opportunities for VANETs to resolve the aforementioned challenges. Due to the decentralized nature of blockchain technology, rapid reauthentication of vehicles is achieved in this paper through secure authentication code transfer between the consecutive RSUs. The security strength of the proposed blockchain-based anonymous authentication scheme against various harmful security attacks is proven in the security analysis section to ensure that it provides better security. In addition, blockchain, as presented in the performance analysis section, is used to substantially diminish the computational cost compared to conventional authentication schemes.

中文翻译：

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BBAAS：用于在VANET中提供安全通信的基于区块链的匿名身份验证方案

由于车辆自组织网络的快速增长，智能驾驶已成为可能。VANET被视为提供安全道路信息和即时车辆通信的主要平台。然而，由于通信信道的开放无线特性，VANET容易受到恶意用户的安全攻击。因此，安全的匿名身份验证方案在VANET中至关重要。但是，当车辆到达新的路边单位（RSU）覆盖区域时，车辆需要使用当前的RSU重新进行身份验证，这会大大降低整个VANET的效率。因此，区块链技术的引入为VANET解决上述挑战创造了机会。由于区块链技术的分散性质，通过在连续的RSU之间进行安全的验证码传输，本文实现了车辆的快速重新验证。安全分析部分证明了所提出的基于区块链的匿名身份验证方案针对各种有害安全攻击的安全强度，以确保提供更好的安全性。此外，与传统的身份验证方案相比，性能分析部分介绍的区块链可显着降低计算成本。