Model matching for asynchronous sequential machines (ASMs) is to design a corrective controller so as to match the stable-state behavior of the closed-loop system to that of a reference model. In this paper, we discuss the model matching problem for ASMs with discrepancy in the initial state. Owing to a lot of practical constraints, the controlled ASM may not commence its operation at the same initial state as the model, leading to initial model mismatch. We investigate under which condition an appropriate corrective controller can be designed that solves initial model mismatch. If such a condition is not valid, we address delayed model matching in which the closed-loop system is controlled to be stably equivalent with the model within an allowable delay-bound from the initial operation. FPGA experiments on an asynchronous error counter are provided to show the applicability of the proposed control scheme.

异步顺序机（ASM）的模型匹配旨在设计一种校正控制器，以使闭环系统的稳态行为与参考模型的稳态行为匹配。在本文中，我们讨论了初始状态存在差异的ASM的模型匹配问题。由于许多实际限制，受控ASM可能无法在与模型相同的初始状态下开始运行，从而导致初始模型不匹配。我们调查在哪种情况下可以设计适当的纠正控制器来解决初始模型不匹配的问题。如果这种条件无效，我们将解决延迟模型匹配问题，在该模型中，将闭环系统控制为在与初始操作的允许延迟范围内稳定等于模型。