Rationale

Alcohol priming can modulate the value of rewards, as observed through the effects of acute alcohol administration on cue reactivity. However, little is known about the psychophysiological mechanisms driving these effects. Here, we examine how alcohol-induced changes in bodily states shape the development of implicit attentional biases and explicit cue reactivity.

Objectives

To characterize the interoceptive correlates of alcohol priming effects on alcohol attentional biases and cue reactivity.

Methods

In a two-session double-blind alcohol administration procedure, participants (n=31) were given a 0.4-g/kg dose of alcohol or a placebo drink. Cardiovascular responses were measured before and after alcohol administration to observe the effects of alcohol on viscero-afferent reactivity, as indexed through changes in heart rate variability (HRV) at or near 0.1 Hz (0.1-Hz HRV). Next, participants completed a modified flanker task to examine implicit alcohol attentional biases and provided subjective valence and arousal ratings of alcohol cues to examine explicit cue reactivity.

Results

We found that changes in 0.1-Hz HRV after alcohol administration positively correlated with attentional biases, and negatively correlated with alcohol valence ratings; blood alcohol content was a null predictor.

Conclusions

This is novel evidence that suggests alcohol-induced changes in bodily states may mediate the occurrence of alcohol priming effects and highlights the potentially generative role of interoceptive mechanisms in alcohol-related behaviors. The differential patterns revealed by implicit biases and explicit response tendencies are considered within the context of the dissociation between wanting and liking.

中文翻译：

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酒精启动效应的内感受基础

基本原理

正如通过急性酒精给药对提示反应性的影响所观察到的那样，酒精启动可以调节奖励的价值。然而，对于驱动这些影响的心理生理机制知之甚少。在这里，我们研究了酒精引起的身体状态变化如何影响内隐注意偏差和外显提示反应的发展。

目标

描述酒精启动效应对酒精注意偏差和提示反应性的内感受相关性。

方法

在两次双盲酒精给药程序中，参与者 ( n = 31) 被给予 0.4 g/kg 剂量的酒精或安慰剂饮料。在饮酒前后测量心血管反应，以观察酒精对内脏传入反应性的影响，通过在 0.1 Hz 或接近 0.1 Hz (0.1-Hz HRV) 时心率变异性 (HRV) 的变化进行索引。接下来，参与者完成了一项修改后的侧翼任务，以检查隐性酒精注意偏差，并提供酒精线索的主观效价和唤醒评级，以检查明确的线索反应性。

结果

我们发现，饮酒后 0.1-Hz HRV 的变化与注意力偏差呈正相关，与酒精效价等级呈负相关；血液酒精含量是一个无效预测因子。

结论

这是一个新的证据，表明酒精引起的身体状态变化可能介导酒精启动效应的发生，并突出了内感受机制在酒精相关行为中的潜在生成作用。隐性偏见和显性反应倾向所揭示的差异模式是在想要和喜欢之间分离的背景下考虑的。