2D graphene oxide (GO) with large surface area, multivalent structure can easily bind single-stranded DNA/RNA (aptamers) through hydrophobic/π-stacking interactions, whereas aptamers having small size, excellent chemical stability and low immunogenicity bind to their targets with high affinity and specificity. GO–aptamer conjugate materials synthesized by integrating aptamers with GO can thus provide a better alternative to antibody-based strategies for cancer diagnostic and therapy. Moreover, GO’s excellent fluorescence quenching properties can be utilized to develop efficient fluorescence-sensing platforms. In this review, recent advances in GO–aptamer conjugate materials for the detection of major cancer biomarkers have been discussed.

具有大表面积，多价结构的2D氧化石墨烯（GO）可以通过疏水/π堆积相互作用轻松结合单链DNA / RNA（适体），而具有小尺寸，出色的化学稳定性和低免疫原性的适体与它们的靶标结合高亲和力和特异性。因此，通过将适体与GO整合而合成的GO-适体共轭材料可以为基于抗体的癌症诊断和治疗策略提供更好的选择。此外，GO出色的荧光猝灭特性可用于开发高效的荧光传感平台。在这篇综述中，已经讨论了用于检测主要癌症生物标志物的GO-适体共轭材料的最新进展。