Ecological Indicators ( IF 6.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-17 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107470 Jiangbo Gao , Yuan Jiang , Yaakov Anker
Rocky desertification is the most typical ecological and environmental problem in Karst mountainous areas, which hinders sustainable development. Clarifying spatial relationship of ecosystem services including soil conservation and water retention and their dominant factors can provide scientific basis for containment of rocky desertification. The spatialization and quantification of dominant, interaction and sensitive factors affecting synergistic relationships between sediment yield and surface/slope runoff, water yield and slope runoff would be achieved in diverse geomorphological types. Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) was used to quantitatively analyze spatial relationships between ecosystem services and variables using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Dominant, interaction and sensitive factors were quantitative identification based on Geographical Detector which can accurately reveal the driving factors and their explanatory power through stratification heterogeneity. Precipitation was dominant factor of synergistic relationship between sediment yield and surface/slope runoff, water yield and slope runoff, especially its explanatory power up to 55% in middle elevation plain, middle elevation hill, small relief mountain, and middle relief mountain. Precipitation is the driving force for the runoff and sediment yield occurrence, which was the important factor affecting the ecosystem service synergetic relationship variables. In middle elevation terrace, elevation dominated synergistic relationship between sediment yield and surface/slope runoff. Land use had different explanatory powers to the synergetic relationships of ecosystem service variables, due to diverse land coverages and impervious areas. As for synergistic relationship between sediment yield and slope runoff, the explanatory power of land use types declined with increase in relief degree of landform in mountainous areas. However, it was not related to relief degree of landform between sediment yield and surface runoff, water yield and slope runoff. Land use types, which are mostly determined by human activities, affect the soil erosion and water cycling processes. Besides, lithology types proved to be the sensitive factor because geological conditions are the background of soil erosion and also the important factor affecting runoff. Furthermore, multi-factor interaction significantly increased explanatory power of synergistic relationship. Moreover, their dominating power varied significantly with relief degree of landform, and these findings should be essential for rocky desertification containment.
中文翻译:
不同地貌类型对岩溶土壤保持和水分保持的空间权衡/协同作用的贡献分析:地理探测器的应用
石漠化是喀斯特山区最典型的生态和环境问题,阻碍了可持续发展。弄清包括土壤保持和保水在内的生态系统服务的空间关系及其主导因素,可以为遏制石漠化提供科学依据。影响沉积物产量与地表/斜坡径流,水产量和斜坡径流之间协同关系的显性,相互作用和敏感因素的空间化和定量化将在多种地貌类型中实现。地理加权回归(GWR)用于使用土壤和水评估工具(SWAT)定量分析生态系统服务与变量之间的空间关系。主导的,相互作用和敏感因素是基于地理探测器的定量识别,可以通过分层异质性准确揭示驱动因素及其解释力。降水是沉积物产量与地表/坡面径流,水分产量和坡面径流之间协同关系的主要因素,特别是在中海拔平原,中海拔丘陵,小浮雕山和中浮雕山中,其解释力高达55%。降水是径流和产沙量产生的驱动力,是影响生态系统服务协同关系变量的重要因素。在中部海拔阶地,沉积物产量与地表/坡度径流之间的海拔关系占主导地位。土地使用对生态系统服务变量的协同关系具有不同的解释能力,这是由于土地覆盖范围和不透水区域的多样性。至于沉积物产量与坡面径流之间的协同关系,山区利用方式的解释力随着地形起伏程度的增加而降低。然而,它与沉积物产量与地表径流量,水产量与坡面径流量之间的地形起伏程度无关。土地使用类型(主要由人类活动决定)会影响土壤侵蚀和水循环过程。此外,岩性类型是敏感因素,因为地质条件是土壤侵蚀的背景,也是影响径流的重要因素。此外,多因素相互作用显着提高了协同关系的解释能力。而且,它们的支配力随地形的起伏程度而显着变化,这些发现对于围岩荒漠化遏制至关重要。