Constitutive models are widely used to predict the mechanical behavior of different kinds of materials. Although the Johnson–Cook model for bovine bone and Cowper–Symonds model for human thoracic rib and tibia was developed, the predictability of these models was found good only at particular strain rates. This study addresses this lack of information by investigating the Cowper–Symonds model, Johnson–Cook model, and Johnson–Cook model combined with Cowper–Symonds model at different strain rates to utilize in the bone cutting simulation. Specimens prepared using two rear femurs harvested from a 3.50-year-old bovine were investigated at different strain rates (0.00001–1/s). A comparative study made among the stresses predicted from these models showed 29.41%, 10.91%, and 11.11% mean absolute percentage errors using Cowper–Symonds model, and 2.03%, 7.19%, and 3.62% mean absolute percentage errors using Johnson–Cook model, respectively, at 0.0001, 0.001 and 1/s strain rates. However, the Johnson–Cook model combined with the Cowper–Symonds model predicted the stress with a maximum of only 2.03% mean absolute percentage error. The potential of each model to utilize in the orthogonal bone cutting was also evaluated using Ansys® and found that the combined model predicted the cutting force close to experimental cutting force with minimal error (5.20%). The outcomes of this study can be used in the surgical practice and osteotomy procedure before commencing actual surgery.

中文翻译：

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JOHNSON-COOK 模型与 COWPER-SYMONDS 模型相结合的骨切割模拟实验验证

本构模型广泛用于预测不同种类材料的力学行为。虽然牛骨的 Johnson-Cook 模型和人胸肋和胫骨的 Cowper-Symonds 模型已经开发出来，但这些模型的可预测性仅在特定的应变率下才被发现。本研究通过调查 Cowper-Symonds 模型、Johnson-Cook 模型和 Johnson-Cook 模型以及不同应变率下的 Cowper-Symonds 模型在骨切割模拟中使用来解决这一信息不足的问题。以不同的应变率 (0.00001-1/s) 研究了使用从 3.50 岁牛身上采集的两个后股骨制备的标本。对从这些模型预测的应力进行的比较研究表明，使用 Cowper-Symonds 模型的平均绝对百分比误差分别为 29.41%、10.91% 和 11.11%，以及 2.03%，在 0.0001、0.001 和 1/s 应变率下，使用 Johnson-Cook 模型的平均绝对百分比误差分别为 7.19% 和 3.62%。然而，Johnson-Cook 模型结合 Cowper-Symonds 模型预测的应力最大平均绝对百分比误差仅为 2.03%。还使用 Ansys® 评估了每个模型在正交骨切割中的潜力，发现组合模型预测的切削力接近实验切削力，且误差最小 (5.20%)。在开始实际手术之前，这项研究的结果可用于手术实践和截骨术。Johnson-Cook 模型结合 Cowper-Symonds 模型预测的应力最大平均绝对百分比误差仅为 2.03%。还使用 Ansys® 评估了每个模型在正交骨切割中的潜力，发现组合模型预测的切削力接近实验切削力，且误差最小 (5.20%)。在开始实际手术之前，这项研究的结果可用于手术实践和截骨术。Johnson-Cook 模型结合 Cowper-Symonds 模型预测的应力最大平均绝对百分比误差仅为 2.03%。还使用 Ansys® 评估了每个模型在正交骨切割中的潜力，发现组合模型预测的切削力接近实验切削力，且误差最小 (5.20%)。在开始实际手术之前，这项研究的结果可用于手术实践和截骨术。