Previous research shows that gender‐based board quotas alone do not increase women's share in senior management positions. We study the effects of an affirmative action policy in South Africa, which stipulates group‐based targets for senior management roles, beyond boards, focusing on representing intersectional identities, sex, and race. Our findings show that the policy led to a sizable increase in employment probability in top positions for Black women relative to their employment in these positions in the counterfactual scenario of no policy. We extend our analysis and estimate policy spillovers in education, wages, and self‐employment.

中文翻译：

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平权行动与高层交往：来自南非的证据

先前的研究表明，仅基于性别的董事会配额并不能增加女性在高级管理职位中所占的比例。我们研究了南非平权行动政策的效果，该政策规定了基于董事会的高层管理人员目标（不包括董事会），重点是代表相交的身份，性别和种族。我们的研究结果表明，相对于无政策的反事实情形，该政策导致黑人女性最高职位的就业概率大大增加。我们扩展了分析范围，并估计了政策在教育，工资和自雇方面的溢出效应。