The number of empirical studies on contemporary career attitudes (e.g., protean and boundaryless career orientation) has grown in volume, and yet our understanding of how these attitudes relate to career and job outcomes is rather limited. There are inconsistent findings on these career attitudes and their outcomes. The purpose of this review is to integrate the two core arguments that explain this inconsistency: (1) there is a need for greater construct clarity in the attitudes, and (2) the current career environment has not seen a complete dissolution of the conditions underlying traditional, employer-centric careers. We begin to develop an integrative conceptual framework to explain the effects of contemporary career attitudes and conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of these attitude constructs with their outcomes and correlates. Results of the meta-analysis generally provided support for the explanation that the current career environment is a blend of employer- and employee-centric elements, and the greater conceptual distance a contemporary career attitude dimension has from this blended environment and is towards a more purely employee-centric environment, the less beneficial it will be to outcomes. Drawing from our findings, we provide a systematic guide highlighting the areas where additional research is needed on the study of contemporary career attitudes.

中文翻译：

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在职业环境的背景下理解当代职业态度的职业和工作成果：综合荟萃分析

关于当代职业态度（例如，多变和无边界的职业方向）的实证研究数量不断增加，但我们对这些态度如何与职业和工作成果相关的理解相当有限。关于这些职业态度及其结果的研究结果不一致。这篇评论的目的是整合解释这种不一致的两个核心论点：（1）需要在态度上更加清晰地构建，以及（2）当前的职业环境并没有完全消除潜在的条件。以雇主为中心的传统职业。我们开始建立一个综合的概念框架来解释当代职业态度的影响，并对这些态度结构及其结果和相关性进行了全面的元分析。荟萃分析的结果普遍支持以下解释：当前的职业环境是雇主和员工中心元素的混合，当代职业态度维度与这种混合环境的概念距离越大，并且趋向于更纯粹的环境。以员工为中心的环境，对结果的益处越小。根据我们的研究结果，我们提供了一份系统指南，强调了在当代职业态度研究中需要进一步研究的领域。当代职业态度维度与这种混合环境的概念距离越大，并且朝着更纯粹以员工为中心的环境发展，它对结果的益处就越小。根据我们的研究结果，我们提供了一份系统指南，强调了在当代职业态度研究中需要进一步研究的领域。当代职业态度维度与这种混合环境的概念距离越大，并且朝着更纯粹以员工为中心的环境发展，它对结果的益处就越小。根据我们的研究结果，我们提供了一份系统指南，强调了在当代职业态度研究中需要进一步研究的领域。