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Haplo-diplontic life cycle expands coccolithophore niche
Biogeosciences ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-16 , DOI: 10.5194/bg-18-1161-2021
Joost de Vries , Fanny Monteiro , Glen Wheeler , Alex Poulton , Jelena Godrijan , Federica Cerino , Elisa Malinverno , Gerald Langer , Colin Brownlee

Coccolithophores are globally important marine calcifying phytoplankton that utilize a haplo-diplontic life cycle. The haplo-diplontic life cycle allows coccolithophores to divide in both life cycle phases and potentially expands coccolithophore niche volume. Research has, however, to date largely overlooked the life cycle of coccolithophores and has instead focused on the diploid life cycle phase of coccolithophores. Through the synthesis and analysis of global scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coccolithophore abundance data (n=2534), we find that calcified haploid coccolithophores generally constitute a minor component of the total coccolithophore abundance ( 2 %–15 % depending on season). However, using case studies in the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea, we show that, depending on environmental conditions, calcifying haploid coccolithophores can be significant contributors to the coccolithophore standing stock (up to ≈30 %). Furthermore, using hypervolumes to quantify the niche of coccolithophores, we illustrate that the haploid and diploid life cycle phases inhabit contrasting niches and that on average this allows coccolithophores to expand their niche by ≈18.8 %, with a range of 3 %–76 % for individual species.Our results highlight that future coccolithophore research should consider both life cycle stages, as omission of the haploid life cycle phase in current research limits our understanding of coccolithophore ecology. Our results furthermore suggest a different response to nutrient limitation and stratification, which may be of relevance for further climate scenarios.Our compilation highlights the spatial and temporal sparsity of SEM measurements and the need for new molecular techniques to identify uncalcified haploid coccolithophores. Our work also emphasizes the need for further work on the carbonate chemistry niche of the coccolithophore life cycle.

中文翻译:

单倍体的生活周期扩大了cococolithophore生态位

球花藻是全球重要的海洋钙化浮游植物,它利用单倍-双体生命周期。单倍体-二倍体的生命周期允许球隐藻在两个生命周期阶段分裂,并潜在地扩大了球石藻的生态位体积。然而,迄今为止,研究在很大程度上忽略了球墨镜的生命周期,而集中在球墨镜的二倍体生命周期阶段。通过合成和全局扫描电子显微镜的分析(SEM)颗石藻丰度数据(Ñ = 2534),我们发现,钙化单倍体颗石藻通常构成总颗石藻丰度的次要组分( 2%– 15%,视季节而定)。但是,通过在大西洋和地中海的案例研究,我们发现,根据环境条件的不同,钙化单倍体球墨镜可能是球墨石立式存货的重要贡献者(最多约30  %)。此外,使用超量来量化球果壳生物的生态位,我们说明了单倍体和二倍体生命周期阶段居住着相对的生态位,平均而言,这使球果壳动物的生态位扩展了≈18.8。 %,单个物种的范围为3%–76%。我们的结果强调,未来的球石藻研究应考虑两个生命周期阶段,因为当前研究中单倍体生命周期阶段的遗漏限制了我们对球石藻生态学的理解。我们的结果进一步表明对养分限制和分层有不同的反应,这可能与进一步的气候情景有关。我们的编辑着重介绍了SEM测量的时空稀疏性,以及需要使用新的分子技术来鉴定未钙化的单倍体椰菜豆科植物。我们的工作还强调需要进一步研究球石碱生命周期的碳酸盐化学领域。
更新日期:2021-02-16
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