We investigate the dynamics of Pearcey-Gaussian pulses propagating in a multimode fiber. By solving the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with the split-step Fourier-transform method, the propagation of Pearcey-Gaussian pulses in the multimode fiber is revealed. It shows an interesting phenomenon that under the combined action of second-order dispersion and third-order dispersion, multiple breathing solitons can form on the minor lobes of Pearcey-Gaussian pulses when the nonlinearity oscillates. Further, we study the evolution characteristics of the breathing solitons by changing the initial pulse power and oscillation frequency. It is found that the period and depth of breathing solitons can be manipulated by changing the initial pulse power and the oscillation frequency that are both limited to an appropriate range. Moreover, it also reveals that Pearcey-Gaussian pulses can compress the temporal width and form non-uniform breathing solitons under the action of second-order dispersion. By analyzing Pearcey-Gaussian pulses propagated in multimode fibers, our study gives a new method to understand complicated nonlinear dynamics in multimode fibers, contributing to applications of multimode lasers.

我们调查在多模光纤中传播的皮尔斯-高斯脉冲的动力学。通过分步傅里叶变换方法求解非线性Schrödinger方程，揭示了多模光纤中Pearcey-Gaussian脉冲的传播。它显示了一个有趣的现象，即在二阶色散和三阶色散的组合作用下，当非线性振荡时，多个呼吸孤子会在皮尔西-高斯脉冲的较小波瓣上形成。此外，我们通过改变初始脉冲功率和振荡频率来研究呼吸孤子的演化特性。可以发现，通过改变初始脉冲功率和振荡频率都可以限制呼吸孤子的周期和深度，而初始脉冲功率和振荡频率都被限制在适当的范围内。而且，它也揭示了皮尔西-高斯脉冲可以压缩时间宽度并在二阶色散的作用下形成不均匀的呼吸孤子。通过分析在多模光纤中传播的皮尔西-高斯脉冲，我们的研究提供了一种新的方法来理解多模光纤中的复杂非线性动力学，有助于多模激光器的应用。