We study the properties of the cyclotron amplification of whistler-mode waves during their propagation in the Earth’s magnetosphere in the presence of large-scale density inhomogeneities such as the plasmapause or density ducts. Wave propagation is considered within the framework of the geometrical optics with the use of cold plasma density profiles measured onboard the Van Allen Probes satellites. Wave amplitude variation due to the cyclotron interactions with energetic electrons having an anisotropic distribution function is studied. The cyclotron growth rate is calculated along the wave trajectory taking into account the wave vector variation for a given analytical distribution function of energetic electrons. We show that in the case of guided propagation in a density duct or near the plasmapause the frequency dependences of the one-hop wave gain and the local growth rate in the equatorial region approximately coincide with each other for low initial wave normal angles (|Θ₀| ≲ 30°) and relatively low energies (W₀ ≲ 15 keV). The amplification band expands towards the higher frequencies for higher initial propagation angles and electron energies. In the case of nonducted propagation, the efficiency of cyclotron interactions is notably lower, and the frequency dependences of the one-hop wave gain and the equatorial growth rate differ: the waves having the initial wave angle directed towards the Earth are stronger amplified, and this asymmetry increases with increasing electron energy.

我们研究了惠斯勒模式波在回旋加速器在地球磁层中传播过程中的回旋加速器放大特性，该回旋加速器模式波在大范围的密度不均匀性（如等离子体暂停或密度管道）的存在下传播。通过在Van Allen Probes卫星上测量的冷等离子体密度分布图，可以在几何光学系统的框架内考虑波的传播。研究了回旋加速器与具有各向异性分布函数的高能电子相互作用引起的波幅变化。对于给定的高能电子分析分布函数，回旋加速器的增长率是沿着波轨计算的，其中考虑了波矢量的变化。₀ | ≲30°）和相对低的能量（W ₀ ≲15keV的）。对于更高的初始传播角度和电子能量，放大带向更高的频率扩展。在无管道传播的情况下，回旋加速器相互作用的效率明显降低，单跳波增益和赤道增长率的频率依赖性不同：初始波角指向地球的波被放大，这种不对称性随着电子能量的增加而增加。