The paper focuses on the conceptualization and measurement of global justice and discusses theories, concepts, evaluative principles, and methodologies related to the study of global justice. In this paper, we seek to clarify how to conceptualize global justice, how conceptual indicators can be selected and justified by theories, and how those indicators can be conceptually consistent with the concept of global justice. Global justice is a broad concept that is composed of multi-level and multidimensional aspects belonging to both normative and empirical realities. A coherent and integrated theoretical framework that covers the normative basis and various empirical dimensions is therefore much needed in order to address some of the basic and important questions under study. The paper seeks to synthesize the multiple theories and conceptions of global justice that exist in the academic discourse and literature into three main theoretical approaches to global justice—rights based, good based, and virtue based. These three approaches are a good sample of and reflect well the strengths of the different theoretical, intellectual and cultural traditions at play in the study of global justice. From this perspective, the synthesis of the three approaches is meant to provide us with a coherent theoretical framework that serves as the normative basis and justifies the selection of indicators for measurement.

中文翻译：

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概念化和衡量全球正义：理论，概念，原则和指标

本文着重于全球正义的概念化和衡量，并讨论了与全球正义研究相关的理论，概念，评估原则和方法论。在本文中，我们试图阐明如何将全球正义概念化，如何通过理论选择和证明概念指标以及这些指标如何在概念上与全球正义概念保持一致。全球正义是一个广义的概念，由属于规范和经验现实的多层次和多维方面组成。因此，为了解决一些正在研究的基本和重要问题，就需要一个涵盖规范基础和各种经验维度的连贯而完整的理论框架。本文力求将学术论述和文学中存在的全球正义的多种理论和概念综合为全球正义的三种主要理论方法：基于权利，基于权利和基于美德。这三种方法是对全球正义研究中发挥作用的不同理论，知识和文化传统的很好的范例，并很好地反映了它们的优势。从这个角度来看，这三种方法的综合旨在为我们提供一个连贯的理论框架，该框架可作为规范基础并为衡量指标的选择辩护。这三种方法是对全球正义研究中发挥作用的不同理论，知识和文化传统的很好的范例，并很好地反映了它们的优势。从这个角度来看，这三种方法的综合旨在为我们提供一个连贯的理论框架，该框架可作为规范基础并为衡量指标的选择辩护。这三种方法是对全球正义研究中发挥作用的不同理论，知识和文化传统的很好的范例，并很好地反映了它们的优势。从这个角度来看，这三种方法的综合旨在为我们提供一个连贯的理论框架，该框架可作为规范基础并为衡量指标的选择辩护。